Mandarin Chinese · HSK 3.0 Band 1 · Chapter 12
那是什么What is that
Ask what something is, ask where things are, and say you don't have something.
Dialogue
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那是什么— What is that?
- 大山马小明, 那是什么?Ma Xiaoming, what is that?
- 马小明那是我的手机.That's my phone.
- 大山这个呢?And this?
- 马小明这是杯子. 杯子里有水.This is a cup. There's water in the cup.
- 大山哪个是你的杯子?Which one is your cup?
- 马小明那个是我的. 这个是你的.That one's mine. This one's yours.
Dialogue
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哪儿有书— Where are the books?
- 谢小文高老师, 哪儿有书?Teacher Gao, where are the books?
- 高老师那儿有书. 桌子上有.Books are over there. On the desk.
- 谢小文那儿也有本子吗?Are there notebooks there too?
- 高老师没有. 你想要本子吗?No, there aren't any. Do you want a notebook?
- 谢小文我想要一个本子.I'd like a notebook.
- 高老师这个本子是你的.This notebook is yours.
Vocabulary
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- 这些
pronounthese
- 那些
pronounthose
- 哪儿
pronounwhere
- 哪里
pronounwhere (more formal)
- 哪个
pronounwhich one
- 书
nounbook
- 本子
nounnotebook
- 桌子
nountable; desk
- 杯子
nouncup; glass
- 手机
nouncell phone
- 没
adverb(negative for 有)
- 没有
verbnot have
- 那儿
pronounthere
New characters
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- 手
hand
手机 shǒujī — cell phone举手 jǔshǒu — raise the hand- 机
machine
手机 shǒujī — cell phone飞机 fēijī — airplane机场 jīchǎng — airport- 杯
cup
杯子 bēizi — cup; glass一杯 yì bēi — one cup- 里
inside (in 哪里)
哪里 nǎlǐ — where (more formal)里边 lǐbiān — inside里面 lǐmiàn — inside- 书
book
图书馆 túshūguǎn — library看书 kàn shū — read books- 桌
(in 桌子)
桌子 zhuōzi — table; desk- 上
up; on
早上 zǎoshang — morning上午 shàngwǔ — morning (am)晚上 wǎnshang — evening; night- 本
measure for books; root
本子 běnzi — notebook课本 kèběn — textbook- 怎
(in 怎么也 = no matter how; in no way)
怎么也 zěnme yě — no matter how; in no way- 用
use
不用 bùyòng — no need; don\'t bother有用 yǒuyòng — useful- 些
some; a few
这些 zhèxiē — these那些 nàxiē — those一些 yìxiē — some; a few
Hanzi — writing & recognition
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xiēsome; a fewWriting
Modern: "some / a few." Anchors 这些, 那些, 一些 — plural-marker for demonstratives.
shūbookWriting
běnmeasure for books; rootWriting
shǒuhandWriting
Pictograph: a hand with five fingers. Modern: hand. Anchors 手机 (cell phone).
bēicupRecognition
jīmachineRecognition
shén(in 什么 = what)Recognition
me(in 什么)Recognition
lǐinside (in 哪里)Recognition
Grammar
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Demonstratives — 这 / 那 / 哪 with 些 / 个
Explanation
Demonstrative expansion: SINGULAR — 这个 (this one), 那个 (that one), 哪个 (which one). PLURAL — 这些 (these), 那些 (those). LOCATION — 哪儿 = 哪里 (both = "where"). PATTERNS: A 是 B (这是书 / 那是手机 / 哪个是你的?). For LOCATION: thing + 在 + place. NEGATION: 不是 / 没有.
Examples
- 那是什么?What is that?
- 这是我的书. 那是你的本子.This is my book. That is your notebook.
- 哪个是你的手机?Which one is your phone?
- 我没有杯子.I don't have a cup.
Grammar
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Place + 有 + thing
Explanation
To say what is in a place, say the place first and then 有: 杯子里有水 (there's water in the cup). Questions work the same way: 哪儿有书? (Where are there books?). For nothing there, use 没有: 这儿没有本子 (there's no notebook here).
Examples
- 杯子里有水.There's water in the cup.
- 桌子上有书.There are books on the table.
- 这儿没有本子.There's no notebook here.
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