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Mandarin Chinese · HSK 3.0 Band 1 · Chapter 4

她是我的汉语老师She is my Chinese teacher

Tā shì wǒ de Hànyǔ lǎoshī

Say whose something is with 的, use she, he and we, and talk about friends, classmates and your Chinese teacher.

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Dialogue

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老师— The teacher

  1. 谢小文高gāo老lǎo师shī是shì中zhōng国guó人rén吗ma?Is Teacher Gao Chinese?
  2. 大山是shì, 高gāo老lǎo师shī是shì中zhōng国guó人rén。Yes, Teacher Gao is Chinese.
  3. 谢小文高gāo老lǎo师shī是shì你nǐ们men的de汉hàn语yǔ老lǎo师shī吗ma?Is Teacher Gao your Chinese teacher?
  4. 大山是shì, 高gāo老lǎo师shī是shì我wǒ们men的de汉hàn语yǔ老lǎo师shī。Yes, Teacher Gao is our Chinese teacher.
  5. 谢小文她tā也yě是shì我wǒ的de汉hàn语yǔ老lǎo师shī!She's my Chinese teacher too!
  6. 大山我wǒ们men是shì同tóng学xué!We're classmates!

Dialogue

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同学们— Students

  1. 高老师你nǐ们men好hǎo, 同tóng学xué们men! 我wǒ是shì高gāo老lǎo师shī。Hello, students! I'm Teacher Gao.
  2. 大山您nín是shì我wǒ们men的de汉hàn语yǔ老lǎo师shī吗ma?Are you our Chinese teacher?
  3. 高老师是shì, 我wǒ是shì你nǐ们men的de汉hàn语yǔ老lǎo师shī。Yes, I am your Chinese teacher.
  4. 大山我wǒ是shì您nín的de学xué生shēng吗ma?Am I your student?
  5. 高老师是shì, 你nǐ是shì我wǒ的de学xué生shēng。Yes, you are my student.
  6. 大山我wǒ也yě是shì您nín的de朋péng友yǒu吗ma?Am I also your friend?
  7. 高老师是shì, 你nǐ也yě是shì我wǒ的de朋péng友yǒu!Yes, you're my friend too!

Vocabulary

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她tā

pronounshe; her

他tā

pronounhe; him

我wǒ们men

pronounwe; us

他tā们men

pronounthey; them (male/mixed)

她tā们men

pronounthey; them (female group)

的de

particle(possessive/structural particle)

汉hàn语yǔ

nounChinese (the language)

朋péng友yǒu

nounfriend

同tóng学xué

nounclassmate; fellow student

中zhōng国guó

nounChina

跟gēn

prepositionwith; and (prepositional)

人rén

nounperson; people

New characters

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朋péng

(in 朋友 = friend)

朋友 péngyou — friend
友yǒu

(in 朋友 = friend); friend

朋友 péngyou — friend
的de

(possessive/structural particle)

别的 biéde — other; different真的 zhēn de — really; truly真的吗 zhēn de ma — really? (frequent reaction)
中zhōng

middle; in (in 中国 = China)

中国 Zhōngguó — China中文 Zhōngwén — Chinese (written)中学 zhōngxué — middle / high school
国guó

country

中国 Zhōngguó — China国家 guójiā — country; nation外国 wàiguó — foreign country
人rén

person

家人 jiārén — family member老人 lǎorén — elderly person男人 nánrén — man
汉hàn

(in 汉语 = Chinese language; 汉字 = Chinese character)

汉语 Hànyǔ — Chinese (the language)汉字 Hànzì — Chinese character
语yǔ

(in 汉语 = Chinese language)

汉语 Hànyǔ — Chinese (the language)语法 yǔfǎ — grammar
同tóng

same; together (in 同学 = classmate)

同学 tóngxué — classmate; fellow student同事 tóngshì — colleague同意 tóngyì — agree
她tā

she; her

她们 tāmen — they; them (female group)
跟gēn

with; and (preposition)

Hanzi — writing & recognition

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他

tāhe; himWriting

5 strokesleft-rightradical 亻

Left: 亻 (person radical). Right: 也. The 亻 component signals "person" — many character starting with 亻 refer to people or human actions.

们

men(plural suffix for pronouns and people)Writing

5 strokesleft-rightradical 亻

A phono-semantic compound: left side 亻 (person, semantic) + right side 门 (mén, phonetic hint). 们 is the productive plural suffix for pronouns (我们, 你们, 他们) and for people-nouns (同学们, 朋友们).

的

de(possessive/structural particle)Writing

8 strokesleft-right

Phono-semantic compound: left 白 (white, semantic origin) + right 勺 (sháo, phonetic). 的 is one of the most frequently-used characters in all of Chinese — you will see it on every page.

她

tāshe; herRecognition

6 strokesleft-rightradical 女

中

zhōngmiddle; in (in 中国 = China)Recognition

4 strokessingle-component

中 depicts a flag pole through the center of an enclosure. Original meaning: "center" or "middle". Now also used for 中国 (Middle Kingdom = China).

国

guócountryRecognition

8 strokesenclosure

The 囗 (enclosure) on the outside represents walls/borders. Inside is 玉 (jade, signifying treasure). Together: "a place enclosed by walls containing treasure" → country.

同

tóngsame; together (in 同学 = classmate)Recognition

6 strokeshalf-enclosure

Grammar

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Personal Pronouns (Full Set)

Explanation

Chinese personal pronouns split into singular and plural. The plural is formed by adding 们 to the singular. 您 is the formal/polite version of 你 — it has no plural form. 他 (he) and 她 (she) are pronounced identically (tā); the difference is only written, not spoken.

Examples

  • 我wǒ是shì学xué生shēng。I am a student.
  • 我wǒ们men是shì你nǐ的de朋péng友yǒu。We are your friends.
  • 他tā们men是shì我wǒ的de朋péng友yǒu。They are my friends.

Grammar

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The Structural Particle 的 (Possession)

Explanation

The particle 的 sits between the owner and the thing owned, expressing possession. Word order: Owner + 的 + Thing. Note: when the relationship is close (family, close friends), 的 can be dropped — 我妈妈 (my mom), 我朋友 (my friend) are both common.

Examples

  • 我wǒ的de汉hàn语yǔ老lǎo师shīmy Chinese teacher
  • 她tā是shì我wǒ的de同tóng学xué。She is my classmate.
  • 他tā们men是shì我wǒ的de朋péng友yǒu。They are my friends.

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