German · CEFR Band 1 (A1) · Chapter 21
EinkaufenShopping
Going shopping. Vocabulary for the shop: das Geld, der Euro, der Preis, kaufen, verkaufen, das Geschäft, der Markt, der Supermarkt, bezahlen, brauchen. Key point: after a modal verb like „wollen“ (already learned) or „möchten“, the second verb is in the INFINITIVE — and it goes to the END of the sentence: „Ich will Brot kaufen“, „Ich möchte bezahlen“. English speakers often put the verb in the middle: „Ich will kaufen Brot“ ✗ → „Ich will Brot kaufen“ ✓. „Brauchen“ takes an accusative object: „Ich brauche Geld“.
Dialogue
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Ich will kaufen Brot / Ich will Brot kaufen
- LukasMike, was brauchst du im Supermarkt?Mike, what do you need at the supermarket?
- MikeIch will kaufen Brot.I want to buy bread. (slip: the infinitive goes to the end — say „Ich will Brot kaufen“)
- Lukas„Ich will Brot kaufen“ — das zweite Verb kommt ans Ende.„Ich will Brot kaufen“ — the second verb comes at the end.
- MikeAh, ich will Brot kaufen und ich will auch Obst kaufen.Ah, I want to buy bread and I also want to buy fruit.
Dialogue
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Auf dem Markt— At the Market
- LenaLukas, willst du auf den Markt gehen?Lukas, do you want to go to the market?
- LukasJa, ich möchte Obst kaufen. Brauchst du Geld?Yes, I would like to buy fruit. Do you need money?
- LenaNicht viel. Ich will Brot und Obst kaufen.Not much. I want to buy bread and fruit.
- LukasAuf dem Markt verkaufen sie sehr gutes Obst.At the market they sell very good fruit.
Vocabulary
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- Geld
n.n.money (das)
- Euro
n.m.euro (der)
- Preis
n.m.price (der)
- kaufen
verbto buy
- verkaufen
verbto sell
- Geschäft
n.n.shop, store (das)
- Markt
n.m.market (der)
- Supermarkt
n.m.supermarket (der)
- bezahlen
verbto pay
- brauchen
verbto need (+ accusative)
Grammar
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Modal verb + infinitive at the end
Explanation
When two verbs stand together, only the MODAL verb is conjugated; the second verb stays in the INFINITIVE and moves to the END of the sentence. „Wollen“ (already learned: ich will, du willst, er will, wir wollen) and „möchten“ (more polite: ich möchte, du möchtest) are modal verbs: „Ich will Brot kaufen“, „Ich möchte hier bezahlen“. English speakers leave the verb in the middle: „Ich will kaufen Brot“ ✗ → „Ich will Brot kaufen“ ✓. Remember: first the modal verb in position 2, then the object, then the infinitive right at the end. „Brauchen“ is not a modal verb — it simply takes an object: „Ich brauche Geld“. In the shop: „Ich möchte … kaufen“, „Was kostet das?“.
Examples
- Ich will Brot kaufen.I want to buy bread.
- Ich möchte im Supermarkt bezahlen.I would like to pay at the supermarket.
- Willst du auf dem Markt verkaufen?Do you want to sell at the market?
- Ich brauche Geld für den Markt.I need money for the market.
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