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Mandarin Chinese · HSK 3.0 Band 3 · Chapter 28

学习的方法 Study methods

Xuéxí de fāngfǎ

Xiao Hong and 何老师 reflect on study methods. Teaches 应该 / 必须 (modal register) and 最好 + V (gentle recommendation).

Dialogue

你必须有方法 — You must have a method

小红老lǎo师shī, 学xué习xí应yīng该gāi有yǒu什shén么me好hǎo方fāng法fǎ? Teacher, what good study methods should I use?
何老师只zhǐ有yǒu每měi天tiān复fù习xí, 才cái能néng学xué好hǎo, 这zhè是shì关guān键jiàn. Only by reviewing every day can you learn it well — that's the key.
小红我wǒ应yīng该gāi总zǒng结jié经jīng验yàn吗ma? Should I summarise my experience?
何老师应yīng该gāi. 必bì须xū把bǎ错cuò题tí记jì下xià来lái. You should. And you must write down your mistakes.
小红我wǒ以yǐ前qián一yí次cì也yě没méi认rèn真zhēn总zǒng结jié过guò, 现xiàn在zài知zhī道dào一yí定dìng要yào安ān排pái好hǎo时shí间jiān. I never once summed things up seriously before — now I know I must plan my time.
何老师坚jiān持chí下xià去qù, 你nǐ一yí定dìng会huì越yuè来lái越yuè好hǎo. Keep at it — you'll only get better.

Dialogue

最好每天记笔记 — Best to take notes every day

小红老lǎo师shī, 上shàng次cì考kǎo试shì我wǒ进jìn步bù了le, 您nín觉jué得de我wǒ最zuì好hǎo怎zěn么me记jì生shēng词cí? Teacher, I improved on the last exam — what's the best way to memorise new words?
何老师最zuì好hǎo每měi天tiān记jì一yì点diǎn, 不bú要yào一yí次cì记jì太tài多duō. Best to do a little daily — don't cram.
小红我wǒ应yīng该gāi用yòng笔bǐ记jì本běn还hái是shì手shǒu机jī? Should I use a notebook or my phone?
何老师最zuì好hǎo笔bǐ记jì本běn, 写xiě一yi写xiě记jì得de更gèng清qīng楚chǔ. Notebook is best — writing makes it stick.
小红老lǎo师shī, 您nín必bì须xū告gào诉sù我wǒ这zhè些xiē, 谢xiè谢xiè! Teacher, you really had to tell me this — thanks!
何老师应yīng该gāi的de. 我wǒ也yě是shì这zhè样yàng过guò来lái的de. You're welcome. I came up the same way.

Vocabulary

方fāng法fǎ: noun method; way
应yīng该gāi: auxiliary should (recall Bk2)
必bì须xū: auxiliary must; have to
最zuì好hǎo: adverb best to; preferably
总zǒng结jié: verb summarise; sum up
经jīng验yàn: noun experience
习xí惯guàn: noun habit (recall ch07)
思sī考kǎo: verb think over; reflect
记jì: verb remember; record
关guān键jiàn: noun key (point)
重zhòng视shì: verb attach importance to; value
安ān排pái: verb arrange (recall ch01)
一yí定dìng: adverb definitely (recall Bk2)
坚jiān持chí: verb persist (recall ch25)
错cuò题tí: noun wrong answers; mistake log
小xiǎo红hóng: pn. Xiao Hong (persona — recall ch21)
何hé老lǎo师shī: pn. Teacher He (persona — recall ch13)

New characters

键: (in 关键 = key (point))
关键 guānjiàn — key (point)
验: examine (in 经验)
经验 jīngyàn — experience
取qǔ
句

Hanzi — writing & recognition

必

bì must (in 必须) Writing

5 strokes single

总

zǒng always; sum up Writing

9 strokes top-bottom

记

jì remember; record Recognition

5 strokes left-right

验

yàn examine (in 经验) Recognition

10 strokes left-right

视

shì view (in 重视) Recognition

8 strokes left-right

Grammar

只有 … , 才 … — the only condition (三70)

Explanation

只有 X, 才 Y means "X is the ONLY condition for Y — without X, no Y". 只有认真学习, 才能取得好成绩 (only by studying seriously can you get good grades). 才 sits in the second clause, stressing the condition is essential. Common in Band 3 for study methods and reasoning.

Examples

只有认真学习, 才能取得好成绩. Only by studying hard can you get good grades.
只有多听多说, 才能学好中文. Only by listening and speaking a lot can you learn Chinese well.
只有努力, 才会成功. Only with effort will you succeed.
只有早点出发, 才不会晚. Only by leaving early won't you be late.

Grammar

一 + MW + 也/都 + 不/没 — total negation (三41)

Explanation

Grammar-01 was conditions. This stresses "not even the smallest one": 一 + MW + 也/都 + 不/没 + verb. 一个字也不认识 / 一口水也没喝 / 一次都没去过. More concrete than 一点儿也不 — it counts the smallest unit (one word, one time).

Examples

这本书我一个字也没看. I haven't read a single word of this book.
上午我一口水也没喝. I didn't drink a drop of water all morning.
这个地方我一次都没去过. I've never been to this place, not once.
他一句中文也不会说. He can't speak a word of Chinese.

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