Italian · CEFR Band 1 (A1) · Chapter 11
Due cappuccini, per favoreTwo cappuccinos, please
The Italian plural does not add anything to the end: it CHANGES the end. Cappuccino → cappuccini, pizza → pizze, stazione → stazioni. The articles follow: i caffè, gli studenti, le case. And avere completes itself: abbiamo, avete, hanno — both engines are now fully assembled. There is also the surprise chapter 8 promised: l'uomo → gli uomini. At the bar, Mike orders two cappuccinos and two cornetti.
Dialogue
i
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Due cappuccini, per favore!— Two cappuccinos, please!
- MikeBuongiorno, Marco! Due cappuccini, per favore!Good morning, Marco! Two cappuccinos, please!
- MarcoDue cappuccini! E due cornetti?Two cappuccinos! And two cornetti?
- MikeSì, grazie: due cornetti!Yes, thanks: two cornetti!
- MarcoEcco! I cappuccini, i cornetti — e gli amici: Giulia è qui!Here you go! The cappuccinos, the cornetti — and the friends: Giulia is here!
Dialogue
i
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Abbiamo gelati!— We have ice creams!
- GiuliaMarco, avete gelati?Marco, do you (all) have ice creams?
- MarcoSì! Abbiamo gelati, cornetti e pizze piccole.Yes! We have ice creams, cornetti and small pizzas.
- GiuliaDue gelati, per favore — per i bambini di mia sorella!Two ice creams, please — for my sister's kids!
- MarcoEcco due gelati! I bambini hanno i gelati — e noi abbiamo i cappuccini!Here are two ice creams! The kids have the ice creams — and we have the cappuccinos!
Vocabulary
i
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- i / gli / le
art.the (plural) — i for il-words, gli for lo- and l'-masculine words, le for ALL feminine words
- il cappuccino / i cappuccini
n.m.the cappuccino / the cappuccinos (-o → -i)
- il cornetto / i cornetti
n.m.the cornetto, Italian breakfast croissant (-o → -i)
- gli spaghetti
n.m.spaghetti — an Italian word you knew before the course; born plural, with gli
- l'uomo / gli uomini
n.m.the man / the men — the promised irregular: the whole word changes
- abbiamo
verbwe have
- avete
verbyou (all) have — also the shop-counter question: Avete…?
- hanno
verbthey have (silent h again: hanno sounds «anno» — the spelling tells the verb from l'anno «the year»)
- qui
adverbhere
Grammar
i
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The plural: change the ending, add nothing
Explanation
Three lines do almost all of the Italian plural: -o becomes -i (cappuccino → cappuccini, ragazzo → ragazzi); -a becomes -e (pizza → pizze, casa → case); -e becomes -i (stazione → stazioni, cane → cani, studente → studenti). The articles follow: il → i (i cappuccini), lo and masculine l' → gli (gli studenti, gli amici), la and feminine l' → le (le pizze, le amiche). The honest exceptions: words with a final accent NEVER change — la città → le città, il caffè → i caffè (the article does all the work); and l'uomo → gli uomini, the promised surprise. Adjectives go plural by the same three lines: pizze piccole, ragazzi alti, stazioni grandi. And avere completes itself: abbiamo, avete, hanno — with chapter 10's essere, the course's two engines are fully assembled.
Examples
- cappuccino → cappuccini · pizza → pizze · stazione → stazionicappuccino → cappuccinos · pizza → pizzas · station → stations
- i ragazzi, gli studenti, le ragazzethe boys, the students, the girls
- la città → le città · il caffè → i caffè · l'uomo → gli uominithe city → the cities · the coffee → the coffees · the man → the men
- Abbiamo due gelati; i bambini hanno le pizze.We have two ice creams; the children have the pizzas.
- Due cappuccini, per favore!Two cappuccinos, please!
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