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Mandarin Chinese · HSK 3.0 Band 1 · Chapter 6

我家有四口人My family has four people

Wǒ jiā yǒu sì kǒu rén

The 有 sentence, numbers 1-5, the measure words 个 (general) and 口 (for family members), the question word 几. Family vocabulary begins.

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我家有四口人— My family has four people

  1. 大山马mǎ小xiǎo明míng, 你nǐ家jiā有yǒu几jǐ口kǒu人rén?Ma Xiaoming, how many people in your family?
  2. 马小明我wǒ家jiā有yǒu四sì口kǒu人rén.My family has four people.
  3. 大山哪nǎ四sì口kǒu人rén?Which four?
  4. 马小明爸bà爸ba、妈mā妈ma, 我wǒ, 跟gēn我wǒ的de同tóng学xué.Dad, mom, me, and my classmate.
  5. 大山同tóng学xué是shì家jiā人rén吗ma?Is a classmate family?
  6. 马小明我wǒ的de同tóng学xué也yě是shì我wǒ家jiā人rén! 我wǒ们men都dōu是shì好hǎo朋péng友yǒu.My classmate is family too! We're all good friends.

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你有几个朋友— How many friends do you have?

  1. 谢小文大dà山shān, 你nǐ有yǒu几jǐ个gè朋péng友yǒu?Dashan, how many friends do you have?
  2. 大山我wǒ有yǒu三sān个gè朋péng友yǒu.I have three friends.
  3. 谢小文谁shuí?Who?
  4. 大山马mǎ小xiǎo明míng, 你nǐ, 高gāo老lǎo师shī.Ma Xiaoming, you, Teacher Gao.
  5. 谢小文高gāo老lǎo师shī是shì你nǐ朋péng友yǒu吗ma?Is Teacher Gao your friend?
  6. 大山是shì的de! 高gāo老lǎo师shī也yě是shì我wǒ朋péng友yǒu!Yes! Teacher Gao is my friend too!

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一二三四五— One Two Three Four Five

  1. 高老师同tóng学xué们men, 我wǒ们men一yì起qǐ说shuō: 一yī、二èr、三sān、四sì、五wǔ.Class, let's say together: 1 2 3 4 5.
  2. 大山一yī、二èr、三sān、四sì、五wǔ.1 2 3 4 5.
  3. 高老师大dà山shān, 你nǐ家jiā有yǒu几jǐ口kǒu人rén?Dashan, how many in your family?
  4. 大山我wǒ家jiā有yǒu五wǔ口kǒu人rén.Five.
  5. 高老师谢xiè小xiǎo文wén呢ne?And Xie Xiaowen?
  6. 谢小文我wǒ家jiā有yǒu三sān口kǒu人rén. 爸bà爸ba、妈mā妈ma, 跟gēn我wǒ.Three: dad, mom, and me.

Vocabulary

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家jiā

nounhome; family

有yǒu

verbto have; there is

几jǐ

pronounhow many (small)

个gè

measure word(general measure word)

口kǒu

measure word(measure for family members)

一yī

numeralone

二èr

numeraltwo

三sān

numeralthree

四sì

numeralfour

五wǔ

numeralfive

爸bà爸ba

noundad

妈mā妈ma

nounmom

都dōu

adverball; both

New characters

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有yǒu

have

没有 méiyǒu — not have还有 hái yǒu — also; additionally有意思 yǒu yìsi — interesting
四sì

four

口kǒu

mouth

路口 lùkǒu — intersection
几jǐ

how many

爸

(in 爸爸 = dad)

爸爸 bàba — dad
妈

(in 妈妈 = mom)

妈妈 māma — mom
都dōu

all

个gè

general measure word

这个 zhè ge — this one那个 nà ge — that one哪个 nǎge — which one
三sān

three

三百 sān bǎi — three hundred
一yī

one

一点儿 yìdiǎnr — a little bit一些 yìxiē — some; a few一起 yīqǐ — together
二èr

two

二百 èr bǎi — two hundred
五wǔ

five

五百 wǔ bǎi — five hundred
说shuō

say; speak

听说 tīngshuō — have heard that传说 chuánshuō — legend; folktale说话 shuōhuà — speak; talk (recall Bk1)
呢ne

(particle: what about?)

妹

(in 妹妹 = younger sister)

妹妹 mèimei — younger sister

Hanzi — writing & recognition

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有

yǒuhaveWriting

6 strokestop-bottom

Pictograph: a hand holding meat / moon — extended to "have / possess." Anchors the 有 sentence.

几

jǐhow manyWriting

2 strokesstandalone

Pictograph: a small table. Modern: "how many?" — for small numbers (typically <10). Anchors the 几口人? question.

个

gègeneral measure wordWriting

3 strokestop-bottom

The most common Chinese measure word. Almost any noun can take 个 as its counter (一个朋友, 三个学生).

家

jiāhome; familyWriting

10 strokestop-bottomradical 宀

Compound: 宀 (roof) over 豕 (pig). Original sense: "a house with a pig in it = home" (livestock = settled household). Modern: home / family.

一

yīoneRecognition

1 strokesstandalone

二

èrtwoRecognition

2 strokesstandalone

三

sānthreeRecognition

3 strokesstandalone

四

sìfourRecognition

5 strokesenclosure

五

wǔfiveRecognition

4 strokesstandalone

都

dōuallRecognition

10 strokesleft-right

Grammar

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The 有 Sentence

Explanation

有 expresses possession / existence. Pattern: A 有 B = "A has B." Negation: 没有 (NOT *不有). 我有朋友 (I have a friend); 我家有四口人 (my family has 4 people). 几 asks small numbers (typically < 10) — 几口人? = "how many people?"

Examples

  • 我wǒ家jiā有yǒu四sì口kǒu人rén.My family has four people.
  • 你有几个朋友?How many friends do you have?
  • 我wǒ有yǒu三sān个gè朋péng友yǒu.I have three friends.
  • 我没有妹妹.I don't have a younger sister.

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