Mandarin Chinese · HSK 3.0 Band 1 · Chapter 6

我家有四口人My family has four people

Wǒ jiā yǒu sì kǒu rén

The 有 sentence, numbers 1-5, the measure words 个 (general) and 口 (for family members), the question word 几. Family vocabulary begins.

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我家有四口人— My family has four people

  1. 大山xiǎomíng, jiāyǒukǒurén?Ma Xiaoming, how many people in your family?
  2. 马小明jiāyǒukǒurén.My family has four people.
  3. 大山kǒurén?Which four?
  4. 马小明bama, , gēndetóngxué.Dad, mom, me, and my classmate.
  5. 大山tóngxuéshìjiārénma?Is a classmate family?
  6. 马小明detóngxuéshìjiārén! mendōushìhǎopéngyǒu.My classmate is family too! We're all good friends.
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你有几个朋友— How many friends do you have?

  1. 谢小文shān, yǒupéngyǒu?Dashan, how many friends do you have?
  2. 大山yǒusānpéngyǒu.I have three friends.
  3. 谢小文shuí?Who?
  4. 大山xiǎomíng, , gāolǎoshī.Ma Xiaoming, you, Teacher Gao.
  5. 谢小文gāolǎoshīshìpéngyǒuma?Is Teacher Gao your friend?
  6. 大山shìde! gāolǎoshīshìpéngyǒu!Yes! Teacher Gao is my friend too!
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一二三四五— One Two Three Four Five

  1. 高老师tóngxuémen, menshuō: èrsān.Class, let's say together: 1 2 3 4 5.
  2. 大山èrsān.1 2 3 4 5.
  3. 高老师shān, jiāyǒukǒurén?Dashan, how many in your family?
  4. 大山jiāyǒukǒurén.Five.
  5. 高老师xièxiǎowénne?And Xie Xiaowen?
  6. 谢小文jiāyǒusānkǒurén. bama, gēn.Three: dad, mom, and me.
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jiā

nounhome; family

yǒu

verbto have; there is

pronounhow many (small)

measure word(general measure word)

kǒu

measure word(measure for family members)

numeralone

èr

numeraltwo

sān

numeralthree

numeralfour

numeralfive

ba

noundad

ma

nounmom

dōu

adverball; both

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yǒu

have

没有 méiyǒu — not have还有 hái yǒu — also; additionally有意思 yǒu yìsi — interesting

four

kǒu

mouth

路口 lùkǒu — intersection

how many

(in 爸爸 = dad)

爸爸 bàba — dad

(in 妈妈 = mom)

妈妈 māma — mom
dōu

all

general measure word

这个 zhè ge — this one那个 nà ge — that one哪个 nǎge — which one
sān

three

三百 sān bǎi — three hundred

one

一点儿 yìdiǎnr — a little bit一些 yìxiē — some; a few一起 yīqǐ — together
èr

two

二百 èr bǎi — two hundred

five

五百 wǔ bǎi — five hundred
shuō

say; speak

听说 tīngshuō — have heard that传说 chuánshuō — legend; folktale说话 shuōhuà — speak; talk (recall Bk1)
ne

(particle: what about?)

(in 妹妹 = younger sister)

妹妹 mèimei — younger sister
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yǒuhaveWriting

6 strokestop-bottom

Pictograph: a hand holding meat / moon — extended to "have / possess." Anchors the 有 sentence.

how manyWriting

2 strokesstandalone

Pictograph: a small table. Modern: "how many?" — for small numbers (typically <10). Anchors the 几口人? question.

general measure wordWriting

3 strokestop-bottom

The most common Chinese measure word. Almost any noun can take 个 as its counter (一个朋友, 三个学生).

jiāhome; familyWriting

10 strokestop-bottomradical 宀

Compound: 宀 (roof) over 豕 (pig). Original sense: "a house with a pig in it = home" (livestock = settled household). Modern: home / family.

oneRecognition

1 strokesstandalone

èrtwoRecognition

2 strokesstandalone

sānthreeRecognition

3 strokesstandalone

fourRecognition

5 strokesenclosure

fiveRecognition

4 strokesstandalone

dōuallRecognition

10 strokesleft-right

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The 有 Sentence

Explanation

有 expresses possession / existence. Pattern: A 有 B = "A has B." Negation: 没有 (NOT *不有). 我有朋友 (I have a friend); 我家有四口人 (my family has 4 people). 几 asks small numbers (typically < 10) — 几口人? = "how many people?"

Examples

  • jiāyǒukǒurén.My family has four people.
  • 你有几个朋友?How many friends do you have?
  • yǒusānpéngyǒu.I have three friends.
  • 我没有妹妹.I don't have a younger sister.

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