Nepali · Nepali Band 1 (A1) · Chapter 1
नमस्ते!Hello!
नमस्ते when you meet and when you part; asking सन्चै हुनुहुन्छ? "are you well?". सन्चै छु for yourself, सन्चै हुनुहुन्छ for someone you respect; नि and पनि. Devanagari: every letter carries "a".
Dialogue
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सन्चै हुनुहुन्छ?— Are you well?
- Mikeनमस्ते!Hello!
- Anitaनमस्ते!सन्चैहुनुहुन्छ?Hello! Are you well?
- Mikeहजुर,सन्चैहुनुहुन्छ।Yes, I'm well. (he uses the respectful हुनुहुन्छ about himself)
- Anitaसन्चैछु?You mean "I'm well"?
- Mikeहजुर,सन्चैछु!तपाईंनि?Yes, I'm well! And you?
- Anitaमपनिसन्चैछु।I'm well too.
Dialogue
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फेरि नमस्ते?— Namaste again?
- Mikeनमस्ते,हजुरआमा!Hello, Grandma!
- Hajuraamaनमस्ते!सन्चैछौ?Hello! Are you well?
- Mikeहजुर,सन्चैछु।तपाईंनि?Yes, I'm well. And you?
- Hajuraamaमपनिसन्चैछु।I'm well too.
- Hajuraamaनमस्ते!Goodbye! (she goes inside)
- Mikeफेरिनमस्ते?Namaste again?
- Hajuraamaहो,फेरिनमस्ते!Yes, namaste again!
Vocabulary
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- नमस्ते
interjectionhello; goodbye
- सन्चै
adjectivewell, fine (सन्चै हुनुहुन्छ? "are you well?")
- हजुर
interjectionyes (polite); pardon?
- हो
cop.is (identifying); yes, it is
- म
pronounI
- तपाईं
pronounyou (respectful)
- छु
cop.am (with म: describing, where)
- छौ
cop.are (with तिमी: describing, where)
- हुनुहुन्छ
cop.is, are (respectful: with तपाईं, उहाँ)
- नि
particleand …? how about …? (तपाईं नि? "and you?")
- पनि
adverbalso, too
- फेरि
adverbagain
- हजुरआमा
noungrandmother
Grammar
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Yourself or someone you respect: छु and हुनुहुन्छ
Explanation
सन्चै हुनुहुन्छ? means "Are you well?" (with तपाईं "you" understood). हुनुहुन्छ is the respectful form: for तपाईं and for उहाँ "he, she". For yourself, say म सन्चै छु "I'm well". The respectful form is never used about yourself. To someone you call तिमी, the form is छौ: सन्चै छौ? — the way Grandma asks Mike.
Examples
- सन्चैहुनुहुन्छ?Are you well?
- म सन्चै छु।I'm well.
- तपाईं सन्चै हुनुहुन्छ?Are you well? (with the pronoun)
- सन्चै छौ?Are you well? (to someone you call तिमी)
Grammar
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नि "and you?" and पनि "too"
Explanation
To turn a question back, add नि: तपाईं नि? means "And you?". पनि means "also, too". It comes right after the word it adds to: म पनि सन्चै छु "I'm well too".
Examples
- तपाईं नि?And you?
- मपनिसन्चैछु।I'm well too.
- हजुरआमा नि?And Grandma?
- म पनि!Me too!
Script
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देवनागरी: हरेक अक्षरमा अ— Devanagari: every letter carries "a"
The letters you met today:
- नnaनमस्ते · namaste
- मmaम · ma
- सsaसन्चै · sanchai
- तtaतपाईं · tapāī̃
- हhaहजुर · hajur
- छchhaछु · chhu
- पpaपनि · pani
A vowel sign is written on the letter and takes the place of a:
- छुchhuछ + ु = chh + u
- तेteत + े = t + e
- चैchaiच + ै = ch + ai
- होhoह + ो = h + o
A letter without its a joins the next letter:
- स्तेsteस् + त + े — नमस्ते · namaste
- न्चैnchaiन् + च + ै — सन्चै · sanchai
- न्छnchhaन् + छ — हुनुहुन्छ · hunuhunchha
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