Vietnamese · KNLTV Bậc 1 (A1) · Chapter 1

Xin chàoHello

Vietnamese uses the Latin alphabet, but the tone marks and vowel marks ARE the pronunciation. This chapter teaches the first three tones — ngang, huyền, sắc — plus the alphabet and the letter đ, then how to greet. No grammar yet — this is a tone-and-reading foundation chapter.

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Chào hỏi— Saying Hello

  1. NamXin chào!Hello!
  2. LinhChào!Hi! (more casual)
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Tạm biệt— Saying Goodbye

  1. NamTạm biệt!Goodbye!
  2. LinhChào! Tạm biệt!Bye! ("chào" works as "goodbye" too.)
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xin chào

interjectionhello

chào

interjectionhi / bye

tạm biệt

interjectiongoodbye

vâng

particleyes (polite)

dạ

particleyes (respectful)

không

adverbno / not

vui

adjectiveglad, happy

particle(sentence-final politeness particle)

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Thanh điệu: ngang, huyền, sắc— Tones: ngang, huyền, sắc

Each tone has its own pitch contour. Say the same syllable "ma" with three different contours and you get three different words.

  • no markngang (level)ma = "ghost"; the default pitch, like a held even note · ma · mid-level, flat — start in the middle of your range and hold it steady
  • grave accent àhuyền (falling)mà = "but"; like a tired, sighing fall · mà · low, falling — start low and let the pitch sag down gently
  • acute accent ásắc (rising)má = "cheek / mum"; like the rise in an English question · má · high, rising — start mid and push the pitch sharply up

The Vietnamese alphabet looks like the Latin one, but a few letters sound different from English. Most important: đ and d are TWO different letters.

  • đdwith the bar: like the "d" in English "do" (đây = "this")
  • dz (north)no bar: like "z" in the north (da = "skin", sounds like "za")
  • aalike the "a" in "father"
  • i / yilike the "ee" in "see"
  • oolike the "aw" in "law"
  • xsalways "s" — xin chào = "sin chao"
  • chchlike the "ch" in "chair" (chào)

The same sound "ma", six tones for six words. Today hear the first three — the difference is pitch, not the consonant or vowel.

  • mangang (level)ghost
  • huyền (falling)but / which
  • sắc (rising)cheek / mum (southern)

Now read the first greeting, watching the tone on each syllable:

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