Vietnamese · KNLTV Bậc 1 (A1) · Chapter 12

Tôi có hai con mèoI have two cats

To count or specify a noun, Vietnamese needs a CLASSIFIER: hai con mèo (con = animals), một cái bàn (cái = things), ba người bạn (người = people). Other classifiers: quyển (books), chiếc (vehicles/items), quả (fruit/round), cây (trees/sticks). Structure: NUMBER + classifier + noun. New words: con, cái, quyển, chiếc, mèo, chó, sách, bàn, ghế, quả, cây. Tone corner: classifier + noun tone strings.

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Bạn có mấy con mèo?— How Many Cats?

  1. NamTom, bạn có mấy con mèo?Tom, how many cats do you have?
  2. TomTôi có hai mèo.I have two cats. (slip: animals need the classifier "con" — hai con mèo)
  3. Nam"Hai con mèo" nhé. Con vật cần loại từ "con".It's "hai con mèo". Animals need the classifier "con".
  4. TomÀ, hai con mèo! Và một con chó.Oh, two cats! And one dog.
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Quyển hay cái?— Quyển or Cái?

  1. LinhBạn có mấy quyển sách?How many books do you have?
  2. TomTôi có ba cái sách.I have three books. (slip: books take "quyển", not the default "cái" — ba quyển sách)
  3. Linh"Ba quyển sách" nhé. Sách dùng "quyển", không phải "cái".It's "ba quyển sách". Books use "quyển", not "cái".
  4. TomÀ, ba quyển sách! Và hai cái bàn.Oh, three books! And two tables.
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con

classifier(classifier: animals)

cái

classifier(classifier: things)

quyển

classifier(classifier: books)

chiếc

classifier(classifier: vehicles/items)

mèo

nouncat

chó

noundog

sách

nounbook

bàn

nountable

ghế

nounchair

quả

classifier(classifier: fruit/round)

cây

classifier(classifier: trees/sticks)

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Classifiers: number + classifier + noun

Explanation

When you count or point to a specific noun, you don't say "number + noun" directly — you need a CLASSIFIER in between: NUMBER + CLASSIFIER + NOUN. con is for animals: hai con mèo, ba con chó. cái is the default for things: một cái bàn, hai cái ghế. người is for people: ba người bạn. Books take quyển: hai quyển sách. Choosing the right classifier is the key skill here.

Examples

  • Tôi có hai con mèo.I have two cats.
  • Một cái bàn và bốn cái ghế.One table and four chairs.
  • Tôi có ba quyển sách.I have three books.
  • Bạn có mấy con chó? — Hai con.How many dogs do you have? — Two.
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Ôn thanh điệu: chuỗi loại từ + danh từ— Tone Review: classifier + noun strings

Counting strings and their tones:

  • hai con mèongang · ngang · huyềntwo cats
  • ba quyển sáchngang · hỏi · sắcthree books
  • một cái bànnặng · sắc · huyềnone table

Read aloud, keeping each tone clear:

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