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Study in the app →English · CEFR Band 1 (A1) · Chapter 41
The elephant is the biggest animal Gajah adalah hewan paling besar
Kita berbicara tentang alam dan hewan, dan belajar superlatif. Kosakata: animal, elephant, rabbit, bird, monkey, tiger, mountain, sea, river, tree, nature, strong. Tata bahasa inti: superlatif — cara mengatakan sesuatu "paling" dalam suatu kelompok. Untuk kata sifat PENDEK (satu suku kata), tambahkan "-est" dan taruh "the" di depan: "the biggest", "the tallest", "the fastest" (berakhiran "-y", ubah y→i: "the happiest"). Untuk kata sifat PANJANG (dua suku kata atau lebih), pakai "the most": "the most dangerous", "the most beautiful". Selalu pakai "the" sebelum superlatif. Di ch26 kamu belajar komparatif ("taller than"); superlatif memilih yang teratas dari semua. Catatan: bahasa Korea memakai satu kata (제일 / 가장) untuk semua superlatif, jadi penutur Korea sering berkata "the most big" — tetapi kata sifat pendek memakai "-est": "the most big" ✗ → "the biggest" ✓. Sudut pengucapan: akhiran "-est" dan "the" /ðə/.
Dialogue
At the zoo — Di kebun binatang
- Emma Minsu, look at that elephant. It's huge! Minsu, lihat gajah itu. Besar sekali!
- Minsu Wow! The elephant is the most big animal here! Wah! Gajah adalah hewan paling besar di sini! (slip: kata sifat pendek memakai "-est", bukan "most": the biggest animal)
- Emma Yes! But short adjectives take "-est", not "most". Say "the biggest animal". Ya! Tapi kata sifat pendek memakai "-est", bukan "most". Katakan "the biggest animal".
- Minsu Ah, I see. "The elephant is the biggest animal here." Ah, aku paham. "The elephant is the biggest animal here." (gajah hewan paling besar di sini.)
- Emma Exactly! So which animal is the most dangerous? Tepat sekali! Jadi hewan mana yang paling berbahaya?
- Minsu The tiger is the most dangerous! But I like the monkeys the best. Harimau paling berbahaya! Tapi aku paling suka monyet.
Dialogue
Mountains or the sea? — Gunung atau laut?
- Jack Emma, do you prefer the mountains or the sea? Emma, kamu lebih suka gunung atau laut?
- Emma I love the sea the most. But the mountains are beautiful too. Aku paling suka laut. Tapi gunung juga indah.
- Jack True. Mount Fuji is the most famous mountain in Japan. And it's very tall. Benar. Gunung Fuji adalah gunung paling terkenal di Jepang. Dan sangat tinggi.
- Emma Really? I think the Nile is the longest river in the world. Benarkah? Menurutku Sungai Nil adalah sungai terpanjang di dunia.
- Jack You're right! Nature has the biggest and the most beautiful places. Kamu benar! Alam punya tempat-tempat paling besar dan paling indah.
- Emma Yes! Let's plan a trip. I want to see the tallest trees and the smallest birds. Ya! Ayo rencanakan perjalanan. Aku ingin melihat pohon tertinggi dan burung terkecil.
Vocabulary
| 汉字 | Pinyin | POS | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| animal | n. | hewan | |
| elephant | n. | gajah | |
| rabbit | n. | kelinci | |
| bird | n. | burung | |
| monkey | n. | monyet | |
| tiger | n. | harimau | |
| mountain | n. | gunung | |
| sea | n. | laut | |
| river | n. | sungai | |
| tree | n. | pohon | |
| nature | n. | alam | |
| strong | adj. | kuat |
Grammar
The superlative: the biggest, the most beautiful Superlatif: the biggest, the most beautiful
In ch26 you learned the comparative to compare two things: "She is taller than me". The superlative picks out the number one of a whole group — "the tallest of all". There are two ways to make it. SHORT adjectives (one syllable) add "-est" and take "the": big → "the biggest", tall → "the tallest", fast → "the fastest", small → "the smallest". If a short adjective ends in "-y", change y → i: happy → "the happiest". LONG adjectives (two or more syllables) use "the most": "the most dangerous", "the most beautiful", "the most expensive". Always put "the" before a superlative, and you can add "in" or "of" for the group: "the tallest boy IN the class", "the biggest OF all the animals". Note: Korean marks every superlative with one word (제일 / 가장), so Korean speakers often use "most" with a short adjective: "the most big" ✗. A short adjective takes "-est": "the biggest" ✓.
Di ch26 kamu belajar komparatif untuk membandingkan dua hal: "She is taller than me". Superlatif memilih nomor satu dari seluruh kelompok — "the tallest of all". Ada dua cara membuatnya. Kata sifat PENDEK (satu suku kata) menambah "-est" dan memakai "the": big → "the biggest", tall → "the tallest", fast → "the fastest", small → "the smallest". Jika kata sifat pendek berakhiran "-y", ubah y → i: happy → "the happiest". Kata sifat PANJANG (dua suku kata atau lebih) memakai "the most": "the most dangerous", "the most beautiful", "the most expensive". Selalu taruh "the" sebelum superlatif, dan bisa menambah "in" atau "of" untuk kelompok: "the tallest boy IN the class", "the biggest OF all the animals". Catatan: bahasa Korea menandai setiap superlatif dengan satu kata (제일 / 가장), jadi penutur Korea sering memakai "most" dengan kata sifat pendek: "the most big" ✗. Kata sifat pendek memakai "-est": "the biggest" ✓.
- The elephant is the biggest animal. Gajah adalah hewan paling besar.
- The tiger is the most dangerous. Harimau paling berbahaya.
- This bird is the smallest. Burung ini paling kecil.
- Mount Everest is the highest mountain. Gunung Everest adalah gunung paling tinggi.
- He is the tallest boy in the class. Dia anak laki-laki paling tinggi di kelas.
pronunciation
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