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Study in the app →English · CEFR Band 1 (A1) · Chapter 34
What did you do yesterday? 어제 뭐 했어요?
지나간 일 말하기: 과거 시제. 어휘: yesterday, last night, last week, ago, go (went), eat (ate), see (saw), have (had), buy (bought), watch (watched), visit (visited). 핵심 문법: 끝난 동작엔 과거 시제를 써요. 규칙 동사는 "-ed"를 더해요: watch → watched, visit → visited, cook → cooked. 하지만 흔한 동사 다수는 불규칙이라 하나하나 익혀야 해요: go → went, eat → ate, see → saw, have → had, buy → bought, make → made, come → came. yesterday, last week, "ago"와 함께 써요: "I watched a film last night." 한국어는 모든 동사에 같은 규칙 어미를 붙여 과거를 만들어서 한국어 학습자는 불규칙 동사에도 "-ed"를 붙여요: "Yesterday I goed home and eated dinner" ✗ → "went", "ate" ✓. 발음 코너: "-ed"의 세 가지 소리(walked, played, wanted).
Dialogue
goed or went? — goed 아니면 went?
- Emma Minsu, what did you do yesterday? 민수 씨, 어제 뭐 했어요?
- Minsu I goed home early and eated dinner with my family. 저는 일찍 집에 goed, 가족과 저녁을 eated. (실수: go와 eat은 불규칙 동사예요 — 과거형은 "went", "ate"이고 "-ed"를 안 붙여요)
- Emma Those verbs are irregular: go → went, eat → ate. No "-ed". 그 동사들은 불규칙이에요: go → went, eat → ate. "-ed" 없어요.
- Minsu Ah, I went home early and ate dinner with my family. 아, 저는 일찍 집에 가서 가족과 저녁을 먹었어요.
- Emma Perfect! Regular verbs are easy — "watched", "visited" — but irregulars need practice. 완벽해요! 규칙 동사는 쉬워요 — "watched", "visited" — 하지만 불규칙은 연습이 필요해요.
- Minsu I'll learn them! Yesterday I saw you, and I had a great day. 외울게요! 어제 당신을 봤고, 정말 좋은 하루였어요.
Dialogue
Emma's weekend — 엠마의 주말
- Minsu Emma, what did you do last weekend? 엠마, 지난 주말에 뭐 했어요?
- Emma On Saturday I visited my sister and we cooked lunch together. 토요일에 언니를 방문해서 함께 점심을 요리했어요.
- Minsu That sounds nice. Did you go out in the evening? 좋네요. 저녁에 나갔어요?
- Emma Yes, we saw a film and had dinner in town. I didn't get home until midnight! 네, 영화를 보고 시내에서 저녁을 먹었어요. 자정까지 집에 못 갔어요!
- Minsu Wow, a busy weekend! Last week I just studied and slept. 와, 바쁜 주말이었네요! 저는 지난주에 그냥 공부하고 잤어요.
- Emma Rest is important too! Next weekend, come with us. 쉬는 것도 중요해요! 다음 주말엔 우리랑 같이 가요.
Vocabulary
| 汉字 | Pinyin | POS | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| yesterday | adv. | 어제 | |
| last night | phr. | 어젯밤 | |
| last week | phr. | 지난주 | |
| ago | adv. | (얼마) 전에 | |
| go (went) | v. | 가다 (went) | |
| eat (ate) | v. | 먹다 (ate) | |
| see (saw) | v. | 보다 (saw) | |
| have (had) | v. | 가지다, 먹다 (had) | |
| buy (bought) | v. | 사다 (bought) | |
| watch (watched) | v. | 보다, 시청하다 (watched) | |
| visit (visited) | v. | 방문하다 (visited) |
Grammar
The past simple: -ed and irregular verbs 과거 시제: -ed와 불규칙 동사
To talk about a finished action in the past, use the past simple. Most verbs are regular: just add "-ed" — watch → watched, visit → visited, cook → cooked, play → played. (Spelling: like → liked; study → studied.) But many of the most common verbs are IRREGULAR — each has its own past form you must memorise: go → went, eat → ate, see → saw, have → had, buy → bought, make → made, come → came, get → got, take → took. Use the past with time words like yesterday, last night, last week, and "two days ago": "I saw a film last night." To ask or say no, use "did / didn't" with the plain verb: "Did you go?" "I didn't go." Korean makes the past with one regular ending on every verb, so learners add "-ed" to irregular verbs too: "I goed home and eated dinner" ✗ → "I went home and ate dinner" ✓.
과거에 끝난 동작을 말하려면 과거 시제를 써요. 대부분의 동사는 규칙적: "-ed"만 더해요 — watch → watched, visit → visited, cook → cooked, play → played. (철자: like → liked; study → studied.) 하지만 가장 흔한 동사 다수는 불규칙 — 각자 외워야 할 과거형이 있어요: go → went, eat → ate, see → saw, have → had, buy → bought, make → made, come → came, get → got, take → took. 과거는 yesterday, last night, last week, "two days ago" 같은 시간어와 함께 써요: "I saw a film last night." 물음이나 부정엔 "did / didn't" + 동사 원형: "Did you go?" "I didn't go." 한국어는 모든 동사에 같은 규칙 어미로 과거를 만들어서 학습자는 불규칙 동사에도 "-ed"를 붙여요: "I goed home and eated dinner" ✗ → "I went home and ate dinner" ✓.
- Yesterday I watched a film and cooked dinner. 어제 저는 영화를 보고 저녁을 요리했어요.
- Last week we went to London and saw a show. 지난주에 우리는 런던에 가서 공연을 봤어요.
- I bought bread and had a coffee this morning. 오늘 아침 저는 빵을 사고 커피를 마셨어요.
- Did you visit your family last weekend? — Yes, I did. 지난 주말에 가족을 방문했어요? — 네, 했어요.
pronunciation
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