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Study in the app →Indonesian · BIPA 1 (A1) · Chapter 43
Kamu pernah ke Jepang? Have you ever been to Japan?
We talk about travel and experiences. Vocabulary: perjalanan, luar negeri, pantai, pesawat, paspor, koper, oleh-oleh, hotel, pulau, menginap, pengalaman, berlibur. Key grammar: "pernah + verb" to talk about a life experience (whether you have ever done something): "Saya pernah ke Jepang" = at some point in life, I have been to Japan. Negatives: "tidak pernah" or "belum pernah" (never yet). In ch34 you learned "sudah" (already done): "sudah ke Bali" = have gone (one specific, recent time), while "pernah ke Bali" = have (ever) gone (a lifetime experience). Note: English speakers thinking of "have you ever been" often say "Sudah ke Bali?" (have you gone yet, today/recently?) → to ask about a lifetime experience, use "Pernah ke Bali?" ✓. Pronunciation corner: "pernah" (PER-nah) and "belum" (be-LUM).
Dialogue
Rencana liburan — Holiday plans
- Budi Mike, liburan ini kamu mau berlibur ke mana? Mike, where do you want to go on holiday this break?
- Mike Aku mau ke pulau Bali. Budi, kamu sudah ke pulau itu? I want to go to Bali island. Budi, have you been to that island? (slip: to ask about a lifetime experience use "pernah": Pernah ke ...?, not "sudah", which asks "gone yet?")
- Budi Ah, untuk menanyakan pengalaman hidup, pakai "pernah": "Kamu pernah ke pulau itu?". Ah, to ask about a lifetime experience, use "pernah": "Kamu pernah ke pulau itu?".
- Mike Ah, aku paham. "Kamu pernah ke pulau Bali?" Ah, I get it. "Kamu pernah ke pulau Bali?" (Have you ever been to Bali island?)
- Budi Pernah! Aku pernah ke sana sekali. Pantainya sangat indah. Yes! I have been there once. The beach is very beautiful.
- Mike Bagus! Aku belum pernah naik pesawat ke pulau. Ini akan jadi pengalaman baru. Great! I have never flown to an island. This will be a new experience.
Dialogue
Kamu pernah ke luar negeri? — Have you ever been abroad?
- Sari Mike, kamu pernah ke luar negeri? Mike, have you ever been abroad?
- Mike Pernah. Aku pernah ke Jepang. Aku menginap di hotel dekat laut. Yes. I have been to Japan. I stayed at a hotel near the sea.
- Sari Bagus! Aku belum pernah naik pesawat. Tapi aku pernah ke Yogyakarta naik kereta. Nice! I have never flown. But I have been to Yogyakarta by train.
- Mike Oh, Yogyakarta punya banyak candi. Kamu sudah beli oleh-oleh? Oh, Yogyakarta has many temples. Did you buy souvenirs?
- Sari Sudah. Aku sudah membeli oleh-oleh untuk keluarga. Perjalanan itu sangat menyenangkan. Yes, I did. I bought souvenirs for my family. That trip was very fun.
- Mike Bagus! Lain kali ayo berwisata bersama. Great! Next time let's travel together.
Vocabulary
| 汉字 | Pinyin | POS | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| perjalanan | n. | trip, journey | |
| luar negeri | n. | abroad, foreign country | |
| pantai | n. | beach | |
| pesawat | n. | airplane | |
| paspor | n. | passport | |
| koper | n. | suitcase | |
| oleh-oleh | n. | souvenir | |
| hotel | n. | hotel | |
| pulau | n. | island | |
| menginap | v. | to stay overnight | |
| pengalaman | n. | experience | |
| berlibur | v. | to go on holiday |
Grammar
Pengalaman: "pernah + kata kerja" Experience: "pernah + verb"
Di ch34 kamu belajar "sudah + kata kerja" untuk kejadian yang sudah selesai: "Saya sudah ke Bandung" (sudah pergi, satu kali tertentu). Untuk membicarakan PENGALAMAN hidup — pernah melakukan sesuatu setidaknya sekali — taruh "pernah" DI DEPAN kata kerja: "pernah + kata kerja". "Saya pernah ke Jepang" = pada suatu titik dalam hidup, saya pernah ke Jepang. Bentuk negatif ada dua: "tidak pernah" (tidak pernah, sebagai fakta umum) dan "belum pernah" (belum pernah sampai sekarang): "Saya belum pernah ke luar negeri". Perbedaan: "sudah" menyatakan kejadian tertentu yang sudah selesai; "pernah" menyatakan APAKAH kamu punya pengalaman itu dalam hidup. Catatan: penutur Inggris sering memakai "sudah" untuk pengalaman hidup, jadi bertanya "Sudah ke Bali?" (sudah pergi belum?). Untuk menanyakan pengalaman hidup, pakai "pernah": "Pernah ke Bali?" ✓.
In ch34 you learned "sudah + verb" for an event already completed: "Saya sudah ke Bandung" (I have gone to Bandung — one specific time). To talk about a life EXPERIENCE — having done something at least once — put "pernah" BEFORE the verb: "pernah + verb". "Saya pernah ke Jepang" = at some point in life, I have been to Japan. There are two negatives: "tidak pernah" (never, as a general fact) and "belum pernah" (not ever until now): "Saya belum pernah ke luar negeri". The difference: "sudah" states a specific event already done; "pernah" states whether you have that experience in life. Note: English speakers often use "sudah" for a lifetime experience, so they ask "Sudah ke Bali?" (have you gone yet?). To ask about a lifetime experience, use "pernah": "Pernah ke Bali?" ✓.
- Saya pernah ke Jepang. I have been to Japan.
- Kamu pernah naik pesawat? Have you ever been on a plane?
- Saya pernah menginap di hotel itu. I have stayed at that hotel.
- Kami belum pernah ke luar negeri. We have never been abroad.
- Dia pernah mengunjungi pulau Bali. She has visited Bali island.
pronunciation
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