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Study in the app →English · CEFR Band 1 (A1) · Chapter 32
There's a bed in my room 私の部屋にベッドがあります
家と物の位置を描写する。語彙：house, flat, room, kitchen, bathroom, bedroom, living room, table, bed, window, door。重要文法：一つなら「there is」、二つ以上なら「there are」—「There is a table」「There are two chairs」。短縮形:「there's」「there are」。尋ねるとき:「Is there a…?」「Are there any…?」。位置の前置詞：in, on, under, next to, between, in front of, behind。英語はこうした文を始めるのに小さな語「there」が要る；韓国語は 있다 を使い仮主語がないので韓国語話者はそれを落とす:「Is a bed in my room」✗ →「There is a bed in my room」✓。発音コーナー：速い話し方で弱く読まれる「there's」「there are」。文化4：英語圏の家。
Dialogue
Is a bed or There is a bed? — Is a bed それとも There is a bed？
- Emma Minsu, what's in your new room? ミンス、新しい部屋に何がありますか？
- Minsu Is a bed and a desk. Also is a big window. ベッドと机があります。大きな窓もあります。（間違い: 英語の文は仮主語「there」で始める —「There is a bed and a desk」「There is also a big window」）
- Emma Start with "there": "There is a bed and a desk. There is also a big window." 「there」で始めて：「There is a bed and a desk. There is also a big window.」
- Minsu There is a bed and a desk. There is also a big window next to the bed. ベッドと机があります。ベッドの隣に大きな窓もあります。
- Emma Perfect! And for two or more, use "there are": "There are two chairs." 完璧！二つ以上は「there are」：「There are two chairs.」
- Minsu Got it — there is one bed, and there are two chairs! わかりました — ベッドは一つ、椅子は二つあります！
Dialogue
Emma's flat — エマのアパート
- Minsu Emma, is your flat big? エマ、アパートは大きい？
- Emma It's small, but there are two bedrooms and a nice living room. 小さいけど、寝室が二つと素敵な居間があります。
- Minsu Is there a kitchen next to the living room? 居間の隣に台所はありますか？
- Emma Yes, there is. And there's a small balcony with plants. はい、あります。そして植物のある小さなバルコニーもあります。
- Minsu That sounds lovely. Are there many windows? 素敵ですね。窓は多いですか？
- Emma Yes, there are big windows everywhere. The flat is always bright. はい、あちこちに大きな窓があります。アパートはいつも明るいです。
Vocabulary
| 汉字 | Pinyin | POS | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| house | n. | 家 | |
| flat | n. | アパート、マンション | |
| room | n. | 部屋 | |
| kitchen | n. | 台所 | |
| bathroom | n. | 浴室、トイレ | |
| bedroom | n. | 寝室 | |
| living room | n. | 居間 | |
| table | n. | テーブル | |
| bed | n. | ベッド | |
| window | n. | 窓 | |
| door | n. | ドア |
Grammar
There is / There are There is / There are
To say that something exists, English uses "there is" (one thing) and "there are" (more than one): "There is a table in the kitchen", "There are two windows in the room". Short forms: "there's a table", "there are two windows". To ask, put "is/are" first: "Is there a bathroom?" — "Yes, there is." / "Are there any chairs?" — "No, there aren't." Say where with place prepositions: in, on, under, next to, between, in front of, behind — "The bed is next to the window". Important: the sentence must start with the little word "there". Korean says 방에 침대가 있어요 with no dummy subject, so Korean learners drop "there" and begin with "is": "Is a bed in my room" ✗ → "There is a bed in my room" ✓.
何かが存在すると言うとき、英語は「there is」（一つ）と「there are」（二つ以上）を使う:「There is a table in the kitchen」「There are two windows in the room」。短縮形:「there's a table」「there are two windows」。尋ねるときは「is/are」を前に:「Is there a bathroom?」—「Yes, there is.」/「Are there any chairs?」—「No, there aren't.」位置は前置詞で：in, on, under, next to, between, in front of, behind —「The bed is next to the window」。重要：文は小さな語「there」で始めなければならない。韓国語は「방에 침대가 있어요」のように仮主語がないので、韓国語話者は「there」を落として「is」で始める:「Is a bed in my room」✗ →「There is a bed in my room」✓。
- There is a big table in the kitchen. 台所に大きなテーブルがあります。
- There are two windows in my bedroom. 私の寝室に窓が二つあります。
- The bed is next to the window. ベッドは窓の隣にあります。
- Is there a bathroom upstairs? — Yes, there is. 上の階にトイレはありますか？ — はい、あります。
Culture
Homes in the English-speaking world 英語圏の家
「どこに住んでいますか？」という質問は、ある生き方への窓を開く。イギリス、アメリカ、オーストラリアなどで「home」（家）という語は多くの感情を帯びる —「home sweet home」。都会の小さなアパートでも庭付きの家でも、英語圏の家には三つの考えが流れる：家、庭、そして家を「わが家」に変える心地よさ。
一戸建てとアパート
In Britain, many families dream of a house of their own, and long rows of "terraced houses" — homes joined wall to wall — fill the older towns. In the United States and Australia, a house in the suburbs with its own garden is a classic goal. In big, busy cities like London or New York, though, most people live in flats (British English) or apartments (American English). Notice the words: the British say "flat", "ground floor" and "first floor" (the floor above the ground); Americans say "apartment", "first floor" (at street level) and "second floor". Same buildings, different names.
庭
If there is one thing many English-speaking people love, it is a garden. In Britain, even a small back garden is a source of pride, with a bit of grass, some flowers and a shed for tools. Gardening is a favourite hobby, and neighbours chat over the fence. In the United States and Australia, the space behind the house is called the "backyard", and on warm evenings families fire up the barbecue (the "barbie" in Australia) and eat outside. The garden is where a home meets the sky — a private patch of green for tea, play and quiet.
家をわが家にする
There is a difference between a "house" (the building) and a "home" (the warm place where you belong). The living room — the British also say "lounge", and Americans "living room" — is the heart of the home, with sofas, a television and photos on the walls. One thing surprises many visitors: in most British and American homes, people do NOT take off their shoes at the door, although this is slowly changing, and in many Australian and Canadian homes shoes do come off. When in doubt, look at the floor by the door — a pile of shoes is your answer. Above all, guests are welcomed with the words that say it best: "Make yourself at home."
まとめると：英語圏の家はテラスハウスでも郊外の家でも都会のアパートでもあり得て、たいてい大切な庭がある。そして大きさではなく温かさで「home」になる。今度誰かが「Come round to mine（うちに寄って）」「Make yourself at home」と言ったら、この文化の最良の部分に招かれているのだ。
pronunciation
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