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Study in the app →English · CEFR Band 1 (A1) · Chapter 23
Clothes and colours Pakaian dan warna
Pakaian, ukuran, dan warna: clothes, shirt, trousers, shoes, dress, size, red, blue, black, white. Tata bahasa inti adalah "a / an" + warna + kata benda: a red shirt, an expensive dress. Bahasa Inggris perlu kata kecil "a" (atau "an" sebelum bunyi vokal) sebelum satu benda terhitung — bahkan dengan warna di depan. Bahasa Korea tak punya kata sandang, jadi penutur Korea melewatkannya: "I want blue shirt" ✗ → "I want a blue shirt" ✓. Sudut pengucapan: "shirt", "shoes", dan "clothes" yang sulit. Budaya: berbelanja dan mengantre.
Dialogue
blue shirt or a blue shirt? — blue shirt atau a blue shirt?
- Emma Minsu, what do you want to buy? Minsu, mau beli apa?
- Minsu I want to buy blue shirt. Saya ingin membeli kemeja biru. (slip: satu kemeja perlu "a" → "a blue shirt")
- Emma Say "a": I want to buy a blue shirt. Ucapkan "a": I want to buy a blue shirt.
- Minsu Oh, I want to buy a blue shirt. Oh, saya ingin membeli kemeja biru.
Dialogue
At the clothes shop — Di toko pakaian
- Minsu Hello. I want to buy a red shirt. Halo. Saya ingin membeli kemeja merah.
- Assistant What size? We have a big shirt and a small shirt. Ukuran apa? Kami punya kemeja besar dan kemeja kecil.
- Minsu The small shirt, please. How much is it? Yang kecil, tolong. Berapa?
- Assistant It's twelve dollars. Dua belas dolar.
Vocabulary
| 汉字 | Pinyin | POS | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| clothes | n. | pakaian | |
| shirt | n. | kemeja | |
| trousers | n. | celana | |
| shoes | n. | sepatu | |
| dress | n. | gaun | |
| size | n. | ukuran | |
| red | adj. | merah | |
| blue | adj. | biru | |
| black | adj. | hitam | |
| white | adj. | putih |
Grammar
"a / an" + colour + noun "a / an" + warna + kata benda
A colour goes before the noun: a red shirt, a blue dress, black shoes. For ONE countable thing you also need "a" before the colour: a red shirt, a white bag. Use "an" when the next word starts with a vowel sound: an expensive shirt, an old bag. Plurals take no "a": blue shoes, black trousers (not "a blue shoes"). Korean has no word for "a", so Korean speakers say "I want blue shirt" — but English needs it: I want a blue shirt. This is the same little "a" from the articles lesson, now with a colour in the middle.
Warna berada di depan kata benda: a red shirt, a blue dress, black shoes. Untuk SATU benda terhitung, perlu "a" sebelum warna: a red shirt, a white bag. Pakai "an" bila kata berikutnya diawali bunyi vokal: an expensive shirt, an old bag. Jamak tanpa "a": blue shoes, black trousers (bukan "a blue shoes"). Bahasa Korea tak punya kata "a", jadi penutur Korea berkata "I want blue shirt" — tapi bahasa Inggris memerlukannya: I want a blue shirt. Ini kata kecil "a" dari pelajaran kata sandang, kini dengan warna di tengah.
- I want a red shirt. Saya mau kemeja merah.
- This is an expensive dress. Ini gaun yang mahal.
- She has a white bag and black shoes. Dia punya tas putih dan sepatu hitam.
- Do you have a big shirt? I want a small size. Punya kemeja besar? Saya mau ukuran kecil.
Culture
Shopping and queuing Berbelanja dan mengantre
Berbelanja di AS, Inggris, Australia, dan Kanada mengikuti beberapa aturan tak tertulis. Harga biasanya tetap, kamu menunggu giliran dalam antrean, dan sering bisa mengembalikan barang. Mengetahui ini membuat masuk ke toko jauh lebih mudah.
Harga tetap
In most shops and supermarkets, the price on the tag is the price you pay — there is no haggling. Asking a shop assistant to lower the price on a shirt would feel strange. Bargaining does happen, but only in a few places: outdoor markets, car sales, and second-hand or garage sales. So at a normal shop, just take it to the till and pay the marked price.
Antrean
Waiting your turn is taken seriously, especially in Britain. The British call it a "queue"; Americans say a "line", and you "stand in line". You join at the back and wait — pushing in front of others ("jumping the queue") is considered very rude. At a shop with several tills, there may be one line that feeds them all. When it is your turn, the assistant will say "Next, please".
Simpan struk
After you pay, the assistant gives you a receipt — keep it. In most English-speaking countries you can bring an item back within a set time (often two weeks or a month) for a refund or an exchange, but usually only with the receipt. If a shirt is the wrong size or colour, this is normal and easy: just say "I'd like to return this" or "Can I exchange it?". Shops expect it, and "the customer is always right" is a common saying.
Jadi di toko berbahasa Inggris: bayar harga di label, tunggu giliran dalam antrean, dan simpan struk kalau-kalau ingin mengembalikan sesuatu. Aturan sederhana — dan begitu tahu, berbelanja terasa mudah.
pronunciation
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