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Study in the app →English · CEFR Band 1 (A1) · Chapter 23
Clothes and colours 衣服与颜色
衣服、尺码和颜色：clothes、shirt、trousers、shoes、dress、size、red、blue、black、white。核心语法是 "a / an" + 颜色 + 名词：a red shirt，an expensive dress。英语在单个可数物前需要小词 "a"（元音前用 "an"）——即使前面有颜色。韩语没有冠词，所以韩语母语者会漏掉："I want blue shirt" ✗ → "I want a blue shirt" ✓。文化：购物与排队。
Dialogue
blue shirt or a blue shirt? — blue shirt 还是 a blue shirt？
- Emma Minsu, what do you want to buy? 民秀，你想买什么？
- Minsu I want to buy blue shirt. 我想买蓝色衬衫。（口误：单个衬衫要 "a" → "a blue shirt"）
- Emma Say "a": I want to buy a blue shirt. 说 "a"：I want to buy a blue shirt。
- Minsu Oh, I want to buy a blue shirt. 哦，我想买一件蓝色衬衫。
Dialogue
At the clothes shop — 在服装店
- Minsu Hello. I want to buy a red shirt. 你好。我想买一件红色衬衫。
- Assistant What size? We have a big shirt and a small shirt. 要什么尺码？我们有大号和小号。
- Minsu The small shirt, please. How much is it? 要小号，谢谢。多少钱？
- Assistant It's twelve dollars. 十二美元。
Vocabulary
- clothes
-
noun 衣服
- shirt
-
noun 衬衫
- trousers
-
noun 裤子
- shoes
-
noun 鞋
- dress
-
noun 连衣裙
- size
-
noun 尺码
- red
-
adjective 红色的
- blue
-
adjective 蓝色的
- black
-
adjective 黑色的
- white
-
adjective 白色的
Grammar
"a / an" + 颜色 + 名词
Explanation
颜色放在名词前：a red shirt，a blue dress，black shoes。单个可数物在颜色前也要 "a"：a red shirt，a white bag。下一个词以元音开头时用 "an"：an expensive shirt，an old bag。复数不加 "a"：blue shoes，black trousers（不是 "a blue shoes"）。韩语没有 "a"，所以韩语母语者说 "I want blue shirt"——但英语需要它：I want a blue shirt。这就是冠词课里的小词 "a"，现在中间多了颜色。
Examples
- I want a red shirt. 我想要一件红色衬衫。
- This is an expensive dress. 这是一条昂贵的连衣裙。
- She has a white bag and black shoes. 她有一个白色的包和黑色的鞋。
- Do you have a big shirt? I want a small size. 你有大号衬衫吗？我想要小号。
Culture
Shopping and queuing 购物与排队
在美国、英国、澳大利亚和加拿大购物遵循几条不成文的规则。价格通常固定，你在队伍里等着轮到自己，而且常常可以退货。懂了这些，进店就轻松多了。
固定价格
In most shops and supermarkets, the price on the tag is the price you pay — there is no haggling. Asking a shop assistant to lower the price on a shirt would feel strange. Bargaining does happen, but only in a few places: outdoor markets, car sales, and second-hand or garage sales. So at a normal shop, just take it to the till and pay the marked price.
排队
Waiting your turn is taken seriously, especially in Britain. The British call it a "queue"; Americans say a "line", and you "stand in line". You join at the back and wait — pushing in front of others ("jumping the queue") is considered very rude. At a shop with several tills, there may be one line that feeds them all. When it is your turn, the assistant will say "Next, please".
留好收据
After you pay, the assistant gives you a receipt — keep it. In most English-speaking countries you can bring an item back within a set time (often two weeks or a month) for a refund or an exchange, but usually only with the receipt. If a shirt is the wrong size or colour, this is normal and easy: just say "I'd like to return this" or "Can I exchange it?". Shops expect it, and "the customer is always right" is a common saying.
所以在英语国家的商店里：按标价付款，在队伍里等着轮到自己，留好收据以防想退货。规则简单——一旦懂了，购物就很轻松。
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