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Study in the app →English · CEFR Band 1 (A1) · Chapter 36
What do you do? 你是做什么的？
谈论职业和工作场所。词汇：job、manager、nurse、engineer、waiter、office、company、customer、boss、colleague、earn。核心语法：问职业用 "What do you do?"（意思是 "你的工作是什么？"）。回答时，英语在单数职业前需要 "a / an"："I'm a nurse"、"She's an engineer"、"He's a manager"——绝不能说 "I'm nurse"。也用 "work as a…"（职业）、"work for…"（公司）、"work in…"（地点或领域）："I work as a waiter"、"She works for a big company"、"He works in an office"。韩语和许多语言没有冠词，所以学习者会漏掉："I am teacher" ✗ → "I'm a teacher" ✓。
Dialogue
I am teacher or I'm a teacher? — I am teacher 还是 I'm a teacher？
- Emma Minsu, what do you do? 敏秀，你是做什么的？
- Minsu I am teacher. I work in school. 我是老师，在学校工作。（口误：单数职业需要 "a"，而且地点用 "a/the"→ "I'm a teacher. I work in a school."）
- Emma Almost! A singular job needs "a": "I'm a teacher." And "I work in a school." 差一点！单数职业需要 "a"："I'm a teacher." 还有 "I work in a school."
- Minsu Ah, I see. I'm a teacher, and I work in a school. My sister is an engineer. 啊，我懂了。我是老师，在学校工作。我妹妹是工程师。
- Emma Perfect — "an engineer", because "engineer" starts with a vowel sound. What does your sister do exactly? 完美——"an engineer"，因为 "engineer" 以元音开头。你妹妹具体做什么？
- Minsu She works for a car company. She's a manager, so she's very busy. 她在一家汽车公司工作。她是经理，所以很忙。
Dialogue
At the office — 在办公室
- Jack Emma, this is a nice office. What do you do here? Emma，这办公室不错。你在这里做什么？
- Emma I'm a designer. I work for a small company, and I really like my colleagues. 我是设计师。在一家小公司工作，很喜欢我的同事。
- Jack That sounds great. Is your boss nice? 听起来很棒。你老板人好吗？
- Emma Yes, she's a good manager. And what about you? What do you do? 是的，她是个好经理。你呢？你做什么？
- Jack I'm a nurse. I work in a hospital, and I love helping people. 我是护士。在医院工作，我喜欢帮助别人。
Vocabulary
- job
-
noun 工作、职业
- manager
-
noun 经理、主管
- nurse
-
noun 护士
- engineer
-
noun 工程师
- waiter
-
noun 服务员
- office
-
noun 办公室
- company
-
noun 公司
- customer
-
noun 顾客
- boss
-
noun 老板、上司
- colleague
-
noun 同事
- earn
-
verb 赚（钱）
Grammar
"What do you do?" 和 "I'm a nurse"
Explanation
问别人的职业，英语日常不说 "What is your job?"，而说 "What do you do?"——就是第18课的一般现在时，这里表示 "你以什么为生？"。回答时，必须在单数职业前加 "a"（元音前用 "an"）："I'm a nurse"、"She's an engineer"、"He's a manager"、"They're teachers"（复数不用冠词）。这是英语的固定规则：单数职业永远是 "a / an + 职业"。三个有用句型说明在哪里或为谁工作："work as a…" + 职业（I work as a waiter）、"work for…" + 公司或人（She works for a bank）、"work in…" + 地点或领域（He works in an office / in marketing）。韩语和许多语言没有冠词，学习者会漏掉："I am teacher" ✗、"She is engineer" ✗ → "I'm a teacher"、"She's an engineer" ✓。
Examples
- "What do you do?" — "I'm a nurse. I work in a hospital." "你是做什么的？"——"我是护士，在医院工作。"
- She's an engineer and she works for a big company. 她是工程师，在一家大公司工作。
- My brother works as a waiter, so he meets a lot of customers. 我哥哥是服务员，所以他见很多顾客。
- They're teachers. They don't earn much, but they love their job. 他们是老师。赚得不多，但热爱自己的工作。
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