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Study in the app →Indonesian · BIPA 1 (A1) · Chapter 26
Penampilan dan perbandingan Looks and comparison
Vocabulary for describing people: tinggi, pendek, gemuk, kurus, rambut, mata, cantik, ramah, lebih, daripada. Key grammar: compare with "lebih + adjective + daripada" — "lebih tinggi daripada" (taller than), "lebih cantik daripada" (prettier than). "lebih" MUST come before the adjective. English speakers mark the comparison on the adjective ("tall-er"), so they often forget "lebih" — "tinggi daripada saya" ✗ → "lebih tinggi daripada saya" ✓. Superlative: use "paling" — "paling tinggi" (the tallest). Pronunciation corner: "lebih" (schwa e) and "daripada" (tapped r).
Dialogue
tinggi daripada? lebih tinggi daripada? — tinggi daripada? or lebih tinggi daripada?
- Budi Mike, adik kamu tinggi tidak? Mike, is your younger sibling tall?
- Mike Tidak. Saya tinggi daripada dia. No. I am taller than him. (slip: you need "lebih" before the adjective → "Saya lebih tinggi daripada dia")
- Budi Perlu "lebih" sebelum sifatnya: "Saya lebih tinggi daripada dia." You need "lebih" before the adjective: "Saya lebih tinggi daripada dia."
- Mike Oh, saya lebih tinggi daripada dia. Oh, I am taller than him.
Dialogue
Siapa yang lebih tinggi? — Who is taller?
- Sari Mike, dua teman kamu, siapa yang lebih tinggi? Mike, your two friends, who is taller?
- Mike Tom lebih tinggi daripada Mark, tapi Mark lebih ramah. Tom is taller than Mark, but Mark is friendlier.
- Sari Mark lebih ramah daripada Tom? Mark is friendlier than Tom?
- Mike Ya, Mark yang paling ramah di antara kami. Yes, Mark is the friendliest among us.
Vocabulary
| 汉字 | Pinyin | POS | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| tinggi | adj. | tall, high | |
| pendek | adj. | short | |
| gemuk | adj. | fat | |
| kurus | adj. | thin, slim | |
| rambut | n. | hair | |
| mata | n. | eye | |
| cantik | adj. | beautiful, pretty | |
| ramah | adj. | friendly, kind | |
| lebih | adv. | more (comparative marker) | |
| daripada | prep. | than |
Grammar
Perbandingan: "lebih tinggi daripada" ("lebih" wajib) Comparison: "lebih tinggi daripada" ("lebih" is required)
Bandingkan dua hal dengan pola: A + "lebih" + kata sifat + "daripada" + B. "Budi lebih tinggi daripada Mike" (Budi is taller than Mike), "Rumah ini lebih besar daripada rumah itu". Kunci: "lebih" WAJIB ada di depan kata sifat. Dalam bahasa Inggris perbandingan ditandai pada kata sifat itu sendiri ("tall-er"), jadi penutur Inggris sering lupa "lebih" dan berkata "tinggi daripada saya" ✗ — kurang "lebih". Yang benar: "lebih tinggi daripada saya" ✓. "daripada" boleh dipersingkat jadi "dari" dalam percakapan. Untuk superlatif (paling …), pakai "paling" sebelum kata sifat: "paling tinggi" (the tallest), "paling ramah" (the friendliest). Tanya perbandingan: "Siapa yang lebih tinggi?"
Compare two things with the pattern: A + "lebih" + adjective + "daripada" + B. "Budi lebih tinggi daripada Mike" (Budi is taller than Mike), "Rumah ini lebih besar daripada rumah itu" (this house is bigger than that house). Key: "lebih" MUST come before the adjective. In English the comparison is marked on the adjective itself ("tall-er"), so English speakers often forget "lebih" and say "tinggi daripada saya" ✗ — missing "lebih". The correct form is "lebih tinggi daripada saya" ✓. "daripada" can be shortened to "dari" in speech. For the superlative (the most …), use "paling" before the adjective: "paling tinggi" (the tallest), "paling ramah" (the friendliest). Ask a comparison: "Siapa yang lebih tinggi?" (who is taller?).
- Budi lebih tinggi daripada Mike. Budi is taller than Mike.
- Adik lebih pendek daripada kakak. The younger sibling is shorter than the older one.
- Kucing ini lebih gemuk daripada kucing itu. This cat is fatter than that cat.
- Siapa yang paling ramah? Who is the friendliest?
pronunciation
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