Want to actually learn this — with audio, spaced repetition and progress tracking?
Study in the app →English · CEFR Band 1 (A1) · Chapter 43
Have you ever been to Japan? ¿Has estado alguna vez en Japón?
Hablamos de viajes y experiencias. Vocabulario: trip, abroad, beach, plane, passport, suitcase, souvenir, hotel, island, stay, experience, travel. Gramática clave: el present perfect para experiencias de vida — "have/has" + el PARTICIPIO PASADO: "I have been to Japan", "She has visited many countries". Para preguntar por la experiencia, usa "Have you ever + participio pasado?": "Have you ever flown on a plane?". El negativo es "have/has never": "I have never been abroad". Participios pasados: algunos son regulares (-ed: "visited", "stayed"), pero muchos son irregulares — go/be → "been", eat → "eaten", see → "seen", take → "taken". En ch34 aprendiste el past simple ("I went to Japan") para un momento concreto; el present perfect ("I have been to Japan") trata de la experiencia, sin momento concreto. Nota: el coreano marca la experiencia de otra forma, así que los aprendices usan a menudo el verbo base: "Have you ever go?" ✗ → "Have you ever been?" ✓. Rincón de pronunciación: el "have" débil /həv/ y la contracción "I've".
Dialogue
Have you ever been abroad? — ¿Has estado alguna vez en el extranjero?
- Emma Minsu, have you ever been abroad? Minsu, ¿has estado alguna vez en el extranjero?
- Minsu Yes! I have been to Thailand. And you? Have you ever go to Korea? ¡Sí! He estado en Tailandia. ¿Y tú? ¿Has estado alguna vez en Corea? (desliz: tras "ever" se usa el participio "been", no "go": Have you ever been to Korea?)
- Emma After "ever" we use the past participle, not "go". Say "Have you ever been to Korea?" Tras "ever" usamos el participio pasado, no "go". Di "Have you ever been to Korea?"
- Minsu Ah, I see. Have you ever been to Korea? Ah, ya veo. ¿Has estado alguna vez en Corea?
- Emma Yes, I have! I stayed in Seoul for a week. I have never eaten such good food. ¡Sí! Me alojé en Seúl una semana. Nunca he comido una comida tan buena.
- Minsu Nice! I have visited Japan, but I have never been to Europe. ¡Qué bien! He visitado Japón, pero nunca he estado en Europa.
Dialogue
Planning a summer trip — Planear un viaje de verano
- Jack Emma, I want to travel this summer. Have you ever been to Italy? Emma, quiero viajar este verano. ¿Has estado alguna vez en Italia?
- Emma Yes, I have. I went there in 2022. I stayed on a small island. Sí. Fui en 2022. Me alojé en una isla pequeña.
- Jack Wonderful! Was it expensive? ¡Maravilloso! ¿Fue caro?
- Emma The hotel was cheap, but the plane was not. I bought many souvenirs. El hotel fue barato, pero el avión no. Compré muchos recuerdos.
- Jack I have never traveled abroad. I want a new experience. Nunca he viajado al extranjero. Quiero una experiencia nueva.
- Emma Then go! Take your passport and a suitcase, and enjoy the beach. ¡Entonces ve! Lleva tu pasaporte y una maleta, y disfruta de la playa.
Vocabulary
| 汉字 | Pinyin | POS | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| trip | n. | viaje | |
| abroad | adv. | al extranjero | |
| beach | n. | playa | |
| plane | n. | avión | |
| passport | n. | pasaporte | |
| suitcase | n. | maleta | |
| souvenir | n. | recuerdo, souvenir | |
| hotel | n. | hotel | |
| island | n. | isla | |
| stay | v. | quedarse, alojarse | |
| experience | n. | experiencia | |
| travel | v. | viajar |
Grammar
"have/has" + past participle: experience "have/has" + participio pasado: experiencia
The present perfect links the past to now. Form it with "have" (or "has" for he/she/it) + the PAST PARTICIPLE: "I have visited Paris", "She has seen that film". We use it for LIFE EXPERIENCE — something that happened at some time before now, when the exact time does not matter. To ask about experience, use "Have you ever + past participle?": "Have you ever been to Japan?", "Has he ever flown on a plane?". The word "ever" means "at any time in your life". To say there is no experience, use "never": "I have never been abroad". Past participles: regular verbs add "-ed" (visit → "visited", stay → "stayed"), but many common verbs are irregular and you must learn them: be/go → "been", eat → "eaten", see → "seen", do → "done", take → "taken". In speech we usually contract "have": "I've been", "you've seen", "she's eaten". Careful — do NOT use the base verb after "ever": "Have you ever go?" ✗ → "Have you ever been?" ✓. Compare with ch34: the past simple "I went to Japan in 2019" gives a specific time; the present perfect "I have been to Japan" is the experience, with no time.
El present perfect une el pasado con el ahora. Se forma con "have" (o "has" para he/she/it) + el participio pasado: "I have visited Paris", "She has seen that film". Lo usamos para la EXPERIENCIA DE VIDA — algo que ocurrió en algún momento antes de ahora, cuando el momento exacto no importa. Para preguntar por la experiencia, usa "Have you ever + participio pasado?": "Have you ever been to Japan?", "Has he ever flown on a plane?". La palabra "ever" significa "en cualquier momento de tu vida". Para decir que no hay experiencia, usa "never": "I have never been abroad". Participios pasados: los verbos regulares añaden "-ed" (visit → "visited", stay → "stayed"), pero muchos verbos comunes son irregulares y hay que aprenderlos: be/go → "been", eat → "eaten", see → "seen", do → "done", take → "taken". Al hablar solemos contraer "have": "I've been", "you've seen", "she's eaten". Cuidado — no uses el verbo base tras "ever": "Have you ever go?" ✗ → "Have you ever been?" ✓. Compara con ch34: el past simple "I went to Japan in 2019" da un momento concreto; el present perfect "I have been to Japan" es la experiencia, sin momento.
- I have been to Japan. He estado en Japón.
- Have you ever flown on a plane? ¿Has volado alguna vez en avión?
- I have stayed at that hotel before. Me he alojado en ese hotel antes.
- We have never been abroad. Nunca hemos estado en el extranjero.
- He has visited many countries. Ha visitado muchos países.
pronunciation
Want to actually learn this — with audio, spaced repetition and progress tracking?
Study in the app →