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Study in the app →Thai · CEFR Band 1 (A1) · Chapter 23
เสื้อผ้าและสี 옷과 색
옷과 색 어휘: เสื้อผ้า, กางเกง, กระโปรง, เสื้อแจ็คเก็ต, ไซส์, สี, แดง, น้ำเงิน, ดำ, ขาว. 핵심 문법: 색(그리고 형용사)은 명사 "뒤"에 — "เสื้อสีแดง"(빨간 셔츠, "สีแดงเสื้อ" 아님), "กางเกงสีดำ"(검은 바지), 20과와 같아요. 영어 화자는 "red shirt"에 익숙해 색을 앞에 둬요 — "สีแดงเสื้อ" ✗ → "เสื้อสีแดง" ✓. 문화 코너 §2: 시장, 몰, 흥정. 성조 코너: 색 단어의 성조.
Dialogue
สีแดงเสื้อ? เสื้อสีแดง?
- Somchai เจมส์ ชอบสีอะไรครับ 제임스, 무슨 색을 좋아해요?
- James ผมชอบสีแดง ผมอยากได้สีแดงเสื้อ 빨강을 좋아해요. 빨간 셔츠를 원해요. (실수: 색은 명사 뒤 → "เสื้อสีแดง")
- Somchai คำนามก่อน สีหลังครับ — "เสื้อสีแดง" 명사 먼저, 색 뒤 — "เสื้อสีแดง".
- James อ๋อ ผมอยากได้เสื้อสีแดงครับ 아, 빨간 셔츠를 원해요.
Dialogue
ซื้อเสื้อแจ็คเก็ต — 재킷 사기
- James สวัสดีครับ ผมอยากซื้อเสื้อแจ็คเก็ตครับ 안녕하세요. 재킷을 사고 싶어요.
- Malee ชอบสีอะไรคะ 무슨 색을 좋아하세요?
- James ผมชอบสีน้ำเงิน มีเสื้อแจ็คเก็ตสีน้ำเงินไหมครับ 파랑을 좋아해요. 파란 재킷 있어요?
- Malee มีค่ะ นี่เสื้อแจ็คเก็ตสีน้ำเงินค่ะ 네. 여기 파란 재킷이에요.
- James สวยมาก อันนี้เท่าไรครับ 예쁘네요. 얼마예요?
- Malee สี่ร้อยบาทค่ะ 사백 바트예요.
Vocabulary
| 汉字 | Pinyin | POS | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| เสื้อผ้า | sʉ̂ʉa-phâa | n. | 옷 |
| กางเกง | gaang-geeng | n. | 바지 |
| กระโปรง | grà-bproong | n. | 치마 |
| เสื้อแจ็คเก็ต | sʉ̂ʉa-jáek-gèt | n. | 재킷 |
| ไซส์ | sái | n. | 사이즈 |
| สี | sǐi | n. | 색 |
| แดง | daeng | adj. | 빨강 |
| น้ำเงิน | nám-ngən | adj. | 파랑 |
| ดำ | dam | adj. | 검정 |
| ขาว | khǎao | adj. | 하양 |
Grammar
สีอยู่หลังคำนาม: "เสื้อสีแดง" 색은 명사 뒤: "เสื้อสีแดง"
เหมือนคำคุณศัพท์ทุกคำในภาษาไทย (จำบทที่ 20: "ปลาอร่อย"), สี อยู่ "หลัง" คำนาม รูปแบบคือ นาม + สี + ชื่อสี: "เสื้อสีแดง" (เสื้อ + สี + แดง), "กางเกงสีดำ", "กระโปรงสีขาว". ผู้พูดภาษาอังกฤษชิน "red shirt" (สีก่อน) จึงมักพูด "สีแดงเสื้อ" — ผิด ถูก: "เสื้อสีแดง". ถามสี: "เสื้อสีอะไร" (what colour is the shirt?) → ตอบ "เสื้อสีแดง". พูดสั้น ๆ ได้: "เสื้อแดง" (ไม่มี สี ก็ได้). ต่อกับลักษณนามและจำนวน: "เสื้อสีขาวสองตัว".
태국어의 모든 형용사처럼(20과 기억: "ปลาอร่อย"), 색은 명사 "뒤"에 와요. 형식은 명사 + สี + 색 이름: "เสื้อสีแดง"(เสื้อ + สี + แดง = 셔츠 + 색 + 빨강), "กางเกงสีดำ"(검은 바지), "กระโปรงสีขาว"(흰 치마). 영어 화자는 "red shirt"(색 먼저)에 익숙해 "สีแดงเสื้อ"라 자주 말해요 — 오류. 정답: "เสื้อสีแดง". 색 묻기: "เสื้อสีอะไร"(셔츠 무슨 색?) → 답 "เสื้อสีแดง". 짧게: "เสื้อแดง"(สี 생략 가능). 분류사와 숫자로 이어요: "เสื้อสีขาวสองตัว"(흰 셔츠 두 개).
- เสื้อสีแดง sʉ̂ʉa sǐi daeng 빨간 셔츠
- กางเกงสีดำ gaang-geeng sǐi dam 검은 바지
- เสื้อตัวนี้สีอะไร sʉ̂ʉa dtua níi sǐi à-rai 이 셔츠는 무슨 색이에요?
- ผมอยากได้เสื้อสีขาว phǒm yàak-dâi sʉ̂ʉa sǐi khǎao 흰 셔츠를 갖고 싶어요.
Culture
ตลาด ห้าง และการต่อราคา 시장, 몰, 그리고 흥정
태국에는 매우 다른 두 쇼핑 장소가 있어요: 값이 "물렁하고" 흥정할 수 있는 시장, 그리고 값이 라벨에 고정된 몰이나 편의점. 어디에 있는지 알면 값을 깎을지 그냥 낼지 알 수 있어요.
재래시장과 주말시장
The market is the heart of the neighbourhood: stalls packed side by side selling vegetables, meat, fish, fruit, clothes and household goods. Most sellers are older women who know their regular customers by face. Weekend markets like Chatuchak in Bangkok are enormous and sell everything. At the market, many goods have no price tag — you have to ask "อันนี้เท่าไร" (how much is this?). The first price a seller names is usually a little above the real price, especially for a tourist. That is not cheating — it is opening a conversation.
흥정하기
Haggling is a normal and fun part of the market. The gentle way: ask the price, then smile and say "แพงจัง" (so expensive) or "ลดหน่อยได้ไหม" (can you lower it a bit?). The seller offers a lower price, you counter, and you meet in the middle. Don't bargain too low or too harshly — the goal is a price both sides are happy with. A smile and politeness help a lot; staying "ใจเย็น ๆ" (cool-hearted, calm) matters. If you have asked and haggled, you should buy. And remember: for vegetables or things worth a few baht, Thai people usually don't bargain.
몰과 정가
At department stores and convenience stores like 7-Eleven it is the opposite: everything has a price tag and the price is fixed — no haggling. You just take the goods, go to the cashier, and pay in cash or tap a card. Young city people increasingly like malls because they are cool, clean and clearly priced. Many families use both: the market for fresh vegetables and fish in the morning, the mall for dry goods and clothes. Knowing where to ask a price and where to just pay is a small but useful skill.
요약: 시장에서는 "อันนี้เท่าไร"라 묻고, 웃으며 부드럽게 흥정하세요; 몰에서는 물건을 집어 값을 내면 돼요. 둘 다 태국 삶의 일부예요 — 시장에서 미소와 함께하는 즐거운 작은 흥정은 파는 사람과의 작은 우정의 시작이 될 수 있어요.
tone
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