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Study in the app →English · CEFR Band 1 (A1) · Chapter 43
Have you ever been to Japan? 你去过日本吗？
我们谈论旅行和经历。词汇：trip、abroad、beach、plane、passport、suitcase、souvenir、hotel、island、stay、experience、travel。重要语法：表示人生经历的现在完成时——"have/has" + 过去分词："I have been to Japan"、"She has visited many countries"。问经历用 "Have you ever + 过去分词?"："Have you ever flown on a plane?"。否定是 "have/has never"："I have never been abroad"。过去分词：有些是规则的（-ed："visited"、"stayed"），但很多不规则——go/be → "been"，eat → "eaten"，see → "seen"，take → "taken"。ch34 学了一般过去时（"I went to Japan"）表示具体时间；现在完成时（"I have been to Japan"）说的是经历，没有具体时间。注意：韩语用不同方式标记经历，学习者常用动词原形："Have you ever go?" ✗ → "Have you ever been?" ✓。
Dialogue
Have you ever been abroad? — 你出过国吗？
- Emma Minsu, have you ever been abroad? 民秀，你出过国吗？
- Minsu Yes! I have been to Thailand. And you? Have you ever go to Korea? 出过！我去过泰国。你呢？你去过韩国吗？（口误："ever" 后用过去分词 "been"，不用 "go"：Have you ever been to Korea?）
- Emma After "ever" we use the past participle, not "go". Say "Have you ever been to Korea?" "ever" 后我们用过去分词，不用 "go"。说 "Have you ever been to Korea?"
- Minsu Ah, I see. Have you ever been to Korea? 啊，我懂了。你去过韩国吗？
- Emma Yes, I have! I stayed in Seoul for a week. I have never eaten such good food. 去过！我在首尔住了一周。我从没吃过那么好吃的东西。
- Minsu Nice! I have visited Japan, but I have never been to Europe. 真好！我去过日本，但我从没去过欧洲。
Dialogue
Planning a summer trip — 计划暑期旅行
- Jack Emma, I want to travel this summer. Have you ever been to Italy? 艾玛，我今年夏天想去旅行。你去过意大利吗？
- Emma Yes, I have. I went there in 2022. I stayed on a small island. 去过。我2022年去的。我住在一个小岛上。
- Jack Wonderful! Was it expensive? 太棒了！贵吗？
- Emma The hotel was cheap, but the plane was not. I bought many souvenirs. 酒店便宜，但机票不便宜。我买了很多纪念品。
- Jack I have never traveled abroad. I want a new experience. 我从没出国旅行过。我想要新的体验。
- Emma Then go! Take your passport and a suitcase, and enjoy the beach. 那就去吧！带上护照和行李箱，好好享受海滩。
Vocabulary
- trip
-
noun 旅行、行程
- abroad
-
adverb 在国外、出国
- beach
-
noun 海滩
- plane
-
noun 飞机
- passport
-
noun 护照
- suitcase
-
noun 行李箱
- souvenir
-
noun 纪念品
- hotel
-
noun 酒店
- island
-
noun 岛
- stay
-
verb 停留、住宿
- experience
-
noun 经历、经验
- travel
-
verb 旅行
Grammar
"have/has" + 过去分词：经历
Explanation
现在完成时把过去和现在联系起来。用 "have"（he/she/it 用 "has"）+ 过去分词构成："I have visited Paris"、"She has seen that film"。它表示人生经历——在此刻之前某个时候发生的事，具体时间不重要。问经历用 "Have you ever + 过去分词?"："Have you ever been to Japan?"、"Has he ever flown on a plane?"。"ever" 意思是"在你人生的任何时候"。表示没有经历用 "never"："I have never been abroad"。过去分词：规则动词加 "-ed"（visit → "visited"，stay → "stayed"），但很多常用动词不规则，必须记："be/go" → "been"，eat → "eaten"，see → "seen"，do → "done"，take → "taken"。口语中通常缩写 "have"："I've been"、"you've seen"、"she's eaten"。注意——"ever" 后不要用动词原形："Have you ever go?" ✗ → "Have you ever been?" ✓。对比 ch34：一般过去时 "I went to Japan in 2019" 给出具体时间；现在完成时 "I have been to Japan" 是经历，没有时间。
Examples
- I have been to Japan. 我去过日本。
- Have you ever flown on a plane? 你坐过飞机吗？
- I have stayed at that hotel before. 我以前住过那家酒店。
- We have never been abroad. 我们从没出过国。
- He has visited many countries. 他去过很多国家。
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