Indonesian · BIPA 1 (A1) · Chapter 29
Tubuh dan kesehatanThe body and health
Body vocabulary: tubuh, kepala, perut, tenggorokan, tangan, kaki, sakit, demam, dokter, obat. Key grammar: say what hurts with "sakit + body part" — "sakit kepala" (headache), "sakit perut" (stomach ache). "sakit" itself already states the condition, so no "punya" (have) is needed. English speakers, used to "have a headache", often insert "punya" — "punya sakit kepala" ✗ → "sakit kepala" ✓. Say other illnesses with "demam" (fever).
Dialogue
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punya sakit kepala? sakit kepala?— punya sakit kepala? or sakit kepala?
- BudiMike, kamu kelihatan tidak sehat. Kamu kenapa?Mike, you look unwell. What's wrong?
- MikeSaya punya sakit kepala.I have a headache. (slip: "sakit" is already the state, no "punya" → "Saya sakit kepala")
- BudiTanpa "punya". "sakit" langsung diikuti bagian tubuh: "Saya sakit kepala."Without "punya". "sakit" is directly followed by the body part: "Saya sakit kepala."
- MikeOh, saya sakit kepala. Dan saya juga demam.Oh, I have a headache. And I also have a fever.
Dialogue
i
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Hari ini kamu sehat?— Are you well today?
- SariMike, hari ini kamu sehat?Mike, are you well today?
- MikeBelum. Saya masih sakit tenggorokan.Not yet. I still have a sore throat.
- SariKamu demam tidak?Do you have a fever?
- MikeYa, sedikit. Saya mau ke dokter.Yes, a little. I want to go to the doctor.
Vocabulary
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- tubuh
nounbody
- kepala
nounhead
- perut
nounstomach, belly
- tenggorokan
nounthroat
- tangan
nounhand, arm
- kaki
nounleg, foot
- sakit
adjectivesick; to hurt, painful
- demam
nounfever
- dokter
noundoctor
- obat
nounmedicine
Grammar
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Being ill: "sakit kepala" (no "punya")
Explanation
Say what hurts with "sakit" directly followed by a body part: "sakit kepala" (headache), "sakit perut" (stomach ache), "sakit tenggorokan" (sore throat), "sakit kaki" (leg pain). "sakit" already states the "hurting/ill" condition, so just say "Saya sakit kepala" (I have a headache) — there is NO word "punya" (have). English speakers, used to "have a headache", often insert "punya" — "Saya punya sakit kepala" ✗ — wrong. The correct form is "Saya sakit kepala" ✓. Other illnesses: "demam" (have a fever), "flu" (a cold), "batuk" (a cough). If you are ill, "minum obat" (take medicine) or "ke dokter" (go to the doctor). Ask: "Kamu kenapa?" (what's wrong?) or "Sakit apa?" (what's hurting?).
Examples
- Saya sakit kepala.I have a headache.
- Dia demam.He has a fever.
- Saya sakit perut dan sakit tenggorokan.I have a stomach ache and a sore throat.
- Kalau sakit, minum obat atau ke dokter.If you are ill, take medicine or go to the doctor.
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