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Japanese · JLPT Band 1 (N5) · Chapter 30

よていと おさそいPlans and invitations

Yotei to osasoi

Plan words: yotei, paatii, shuumatsu, ashita, konban, au, yobu, kuru, isogashii, issho ni. The key grammar is inviting with "~masen ka": issho ni ikimasen ka. "~mashou" means "let's do it together": ikimashou. Plans can be said with the plain "masu": ashita benkyou shimasu. English speakers invite with the plain "masu ka" and say "ikimasu ka", but for an invitation use "masen ka" — "issho ni ikimasen ka". Kana corner: pronouncing "masen ka" and "mashou".

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Dialogue

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たべますか? たべませんか?— tabemasu ka? tabemasen ka?

  1. YukiマMaイiクkuさsaんn、こkoんnばbaんnなnaにniをoしshiまmaすsuかka？Mike, what are you doing tonight?
  2. MikeとToもmoだdaちchiとtoあaいiまmaすsu。ユYuキkiさsaんn、いiっsしょshoにniばbaんnごgoはhaんnをoたtaべbeまmaすsuかka？I am meeting a friend. Yuki, will you eat dinner with me? (slip: to invite, use "masen ka", not the plain "masu ka" → issho ni bangohan o tabemasen ka)
  3. YukiさSaそsoうuとtoきkiはwa「たtaべbeまmaせseんnかka」でdeすsu:「まmaせseんnかka」でdeさsaそsoいiまmaすsu。To invite, it is "tabemasen ka": you invite with "masen ka".
  4. MikeあA、ユYuキkiさsaんn、いiっsしょshoにniばbaんnごgoはhaんnをoたtaべbeまmaせseんnかka？Ah, Yuki, won't you eat dinner with me?
  5. YukiはHaいi、たtaべbeまmaしょうshō！Yes, let's eat!

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いっしょに きませんか？— Won't you come with us?

  1. YukiマMaイiクkuさsaんn、しゅうshūまmaつtsuなnaにniをoしshiまmaすsuかka？Mike, what are you doing at the weekend?
  2. MikeパーPāティーtīをoしshiまmaすsu。ユYuキkiさsaんnもmoきkiまmaせseんnかka？I am having a party. Won't you come too, Yuki?
  3. YukiはHaいi、いiきkiまmaすsu！なNaんnじjiでdeすsuかka？Yes, I will come! What time is it?
  4. MikeしShiちchiじjiでdeすsu。いIっsしょshoにniたtaのnoしshiみmiまmaしょうshō！At seven. Let's have fun together!

Vocabulary

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よyoてteいi

nounplan, schedule

パーpāティーtī

nounparty

しゅうshūまmaつtsu

nounweekend

あaしshiたta

nountomorrow

こkoんnばbaんn

nountonight

あaうu

verbto meet (→ aimasu)

よyoぶbu

verbto invite, call (→ yobimasu)

くkuるru

verbto come (→ kimasu)

いiそsoがgaしshiいi

adjectivebusy (i-adj)

いiっsしょshoにni

adverbtogether

Grammar

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Inviting: "~masen ka"

Explanation

Plans can be said with the plain "masu": ashita benkyou shimasu, shuumatsu ni paatii o shimasu. To invite someone, change the verb's "masu" to "masen ka": issho ni ikimasen ka, eiga o mimasen ka. The form is a negative question, but the meaning is a gentle invitation, "won't you do it with me?". You can answer "hai, shimashou" or "hai, ikimashou". "~mashou" means "let's do it together". English speakers tend to invite with the plain "masu ka" and say "ikimasu ka", but that only asks about a plan. To invite, use "ikimasen ka".

Examples

  • あした べんきょうします。I will study tomorrow.
  • しゅうまつに パーティーを します。I will have a party at the weekend.
  • いっしょに えいがを みませんか？Won't you watch a movie with me?
  • はい、いっしょに いきましょう。Yes, let's go together.

Kana

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さそいの ことば— Inviting Words

Read the sentences in hiragana:

  • いっしょに いきませんかissho ni ikimasen kawon't you go together? (invitation)
  • いっしょに たべましょうissho ni tabemashōlet's eat together
  • あした べんきょうしますashita benkyō shimasuI'll study tomorrow
  • こんばん ひまですかkonban hima desu kaare you free tonight?

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