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Korean · TOPIK Band 1 · Chapter 37

길을 가르쳐 주세요 请告诉我怎么走

Gireul gareuchyeo juseyo

在城市里问路和礼貌地请求。词汇:도시、동네、지하철、편의점、사거리、지도、천천히、다시、기다리다、열다。核心语法:请求的 "-아/어 주세요"(请为我做……)。与第19课 "名词 + 주세요"(물 주세요,请给我水)不同,请求动作时在动词词干后加 "아/어" 再加 "주세요"(与第18课元音和谐相同):"천천히 말해 주세요"、"문을 열어 주세요"、"잠깐 기다려 주세요"。说英语的人对动作也用 "名词 + 주세요":想问路时说 "길을 주세요"(=把路给我)✗ → "길을 가르쳐 주세요" ✓。文化角:韩国城市的社区、地铁、便利店,以及用 "저기요" 招呼的礼节。한글角:"말해" [마래]、"열어" [여러] 连音。

길을 주세요 / 길을 가르쳐 주세요

  1. Michael jeogiyo,jihacheollyeogeulchajayo.gireuljuseyo. 不好意思,我在找地铁站。把路给我。(口误:动作要用 动词 + 아/어 주세요,不是 名词 + 주세요——"길을 가르쳐 주세요")
  2. Jieun "gireuljuseyo"neungireulnaegedallaneuntteusieyo.haengdongeulbutakhalttaeneun"gareuchyeojuseyo":"gireulgareuchyeojuseyo". "길을 주세요" 意思是把路给我。请求动作要用 "가르쳐 주세요":"길을 가르쳐 주세요"。
  3. Michael a,algesseoyo.jihacheollyeokkkajigireulgareuchyeojuseyo. 啊,我懂了。请告诉我到地铁站怎么走。
  4. Jieun isageorieseooenjjogeurogaseyo.pyeonuijeomyeopejihacheollyeogiisseoyo. 在这个十字路口左转。地铁站在便利店旁边。
  5. Michael jogeumppallayo.dasicheoncheonhimalhaejuseyo. 有点快。请再慢慢说一遍。
  6. Jieun ne.i.sageorieseo.oenjjok.pyeonuijeom.yeop.ijedwaesseoyo? 好。这个。十字路口。左。便利店。旁边。现在懂了吗?

편의점에서 — 在便利店

  1. Minsu jeogiyo,mulhanbyeongjuseyo.geurigobongtudoyeoreojuseyo. 你好,请给我一瓶水。再帮我打开一个袋子。
  2. Jieun ne,yeogiisseoyo.bongtuyeoreosseoyo.ttopiryohangeoisseoyo? 好,给您。袋子打开了。还需要别的吗?
  3. Minsu idongneejihacheollyeogiisseoyo?jidoreulboyeojuseyo. 这个街区有地铁站吗?请给我看地图。
  4. Jieun yeogijidoyeyo.sageorieseooreunjjogeuro5bungeoreogamyeondwaeyo. 这是地图。在十字路口右转走五分钟就到了。
  5. Minsu gomapseumnida.jeongmalchinjeolhasineyo. 谢谢。您真亲切。
dosi

noun 城市

dongne

noun 社区、街区

jihacheol

noun 地铁

pyeonuijeom

noun 便利店

sageori

noun 十字路口

jido

noun 地图

cheoncheonhi

adverb 慢慢地

dasi

adverb 再、又

gidarida

verb

yeolda

verb 开、打开

请求:"-아/어 주세요"(请为我做……)

Explanation

第19课学过 "名词 + 주세요":"물 주세요"(请把水给我)。但请求某个 "动作" 时要接在动词上:动词词干 + "아/어"(与第18课元音和谐相同)+ "주세요"。ㅏ/ㅗ 用 "아 주세요"(앉다→앉아 주세요 请坐,닫다→닫아 주세요 请关),其他元音用 "어 주세요"(열다→열어 주세요 请开,기다리다→기다려 주세요 请等),"하다" 用 "해 주세요"(말하다→말해 주세요 请说,가르치다→가르쳐 주세요 请教)。意思是 "请为我做……":"천천히 말해 주세요"、"문을 열어 주세요"、"다시 설명해 주세요"。说英语的人对动作也用名词方式:问路说 "길을 주세요"(=把路给我)✗ → 这是动作,要说 "길을 가르쳐 주세요" ✓。

Examples

  • 천천히 말해 주세요. 请说慢一点。
  • 지도를 보여 주세요. 请给我看地图。
  • 잠깐 기다려 주세요. 请稍等。
  • 편의점이 어디예요? 길을 가르쳐 주세요. 便利店在哪儿?请告诉我怎么走。

한국의 도시 생활 韩国的城市生活

韩国的城市适合步行,而且到深夜依然热闹。在一个小 "동네"(社区)里,商店、餐厅、便利店聚在一起,地铁把整个城市连起来。问路、求助时用的小短语,展现了城市的礼节。

동네:步行可达的城市

The basic unit of a Korean city is the "동네". A few minutes’ walk from home you find a supermarket, bakery, café, clinic, and hair salon. So many people shop on foot every day and go out to eat. Every alley has a small shop, and in the evening neighbors go for walks. It is a city you can live in comfortably without a big car.

地铁:连接城市的线

Big cities like Seoul and Busan have an excellent subway. Colour-coded lines reach every corner of the city. With a single "T-money" card you transfer between subway and bus. On the subway people talk quietly and leave the priority seats empty. When you’re lost, you can just ask "저기요, 이 역이 어디예요?" (Excuse me, where is this station?).

便利店与 "저기요"

Korean cities have a huge number of convenience stores. Open 24 hours, they sell everything — water, 김밥, umbrellas, even phone chargers. To call a clerk, or a server in a restaurant, you say "저기요" — a polite phrase used instead of raising your hand or shouting. And when someone helps you, you always say "감사합니다" (thank you). These small words keep a busy city gentle.

总之:韩国的城市靠步行生活,靠地铁相连,靠便利店在夜里保持清醒。而 "저기요"、"가르쳐 주세요"、"감사합니다" 这些小小的话,把陌生人温柔地连在一起。在城市里迷路也没关系——礼貌地问,总会有人帮你。

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