Russian · TORFL Band 1 (A1) · Chapter 22
ЦеныPrices
Price vocabulary: цена (price), стоить (to cost), рубль (rouble), дорогой (expensive), дешёвый (cheap), платить (to pay), сдача (change), скидка (discount), бесплатно (free), касса (checkout). Key grammar: the price question — "Сколько (это) стоит?" (how much does it cost?). Price needs the verb "стоить"; English speakers drop it — "Сколько это?" ✗ → "Сколько это стоит?" ✓. The answer is number + "рубль" in the right form, like "час" in ch16: один рубль, два/три/четыре рублЯ, пять…двадцать рублЕЙ, сто рублЕЙ. Short forms "дорого/дёшево" (like "вкусно", ch20). Reading corner: "ц", "ё", the soft sign.
Dialogue
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Сколько это? Сколько это стоит?
- IvanМайк,чтотыхочешькупить?Mike, what do you want to buy?
- MikeРыбу.Сколькоэто?Fish. How much is this? (slip: a price needs the verb стоить → "Сколько это стоит?")
- IvanДляцены—глагол«стоить»:«Сколькоэтостоит?»For a price — the verb "стоить": "Сколько это стоит?"
- MikeА,сколькоэтостоит?Ah, how much does it cost?
- IvanСторублей.A hundred roubles.
Dialogue
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Сколько стоит?— How much is it?
- MikeСколькостоитрыба?How much is the fish?
- AnyaРыбастоитдвадцатьрублей.The fish costs twenty roubles.
- MikeАхлебдорогой?And is the bread expensive?
- AnyaНет,хлебдешёвый.Дварубля.No, the bread is cheap. Two roubles.
- MikeХорошо.Яхочукупитьхлебирыбу.Скольковсёстоит?Good. I want to buy bread and fish. How much is everything?
- AnyaДвадцатьдварубля.Twenty-two roubles.
Vocabulary
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- цена
nounprice
- стоить
verbto cost (стоит / стоят)
- рубль
nounrouble (2-4: рубля, 5+: рублей)
- дорогой
adjectiveexpensive (m./f./n.: -ой/-ая/-ое)
- дешёвый
adjectivecheap (m./f./n.: -ый/-ая/-ое)
- платить
verbto pay (я плачу)
- сдача
nounchange (money returned)
- скидка
noundiscount
- бесплатно
adverbfree (of charge)
- касса
nouncheckout, cash desk
Grammar
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"Сколько стоит?" + рубль/рубля/рублей
Explanation
You ask the price with the verb "стоить": "Сколько это стоит?" (one item), "Сколько они стоят?" (many). WITHOUT the verb, "Сколько это?" sounds unfinished; English speakers drop it — "Сколько это?" ✗ → "Сколько это стоит?" ✓. In the answer, number + "рубль" changes form EXACTLY like "час" in ch16: 1, 21 → рубль; 2, 3, 4 → рублЯ; 5…20 and "сто" → рублЕЙ. So: один рубль, два рублЯ, пять рублЕЙ, двадцать рублЕЙ, сто рублЕЙ. Expensive or cheap? — the short form without gender, like "вкусно" (ch20): "Это дорого", "Это дёшево". With a noun — the full adjective with gender: "дорогой хлеб", "дешёвая рыба".
Examples
- Сколько это стоит?How much does it cost?
- Это стоит сто рублей.It costs a hundred roubles.
- Хлеб стоит два рубля.The bread costs two roubles.
- Это дорого или дёшево?Is it expensive or cheap?
Cyrillic
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«ц», «ё» и мягкий знак— "ц", "ё" and the soft sign
The price words drill three things. The letter "ц" is always "ts" as a single sound: "цена" = "tse-NÁ". The letter "ё" is ALWAYS stressed and sounds "yo": "дешёвый" = "de-SHÓ-vyy". The soft sign "ь" is not a sound — it softens the consonant before it: "рубль" = a soft "l", "платить" = a soft "t" at the end. Remember akanye (ch21): "бесплатно" = "bes-PLÁT-na". Read the price words aloud.
Read the price words aloud:
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