Russian · TORFL Band 1 (A1) · Chapter 31
Я просыпаюсь раноI wake up early
The daily routine. Vocabulary: просыпаться, умываться, одеваться, ложиться спать, вставать, завтракать, утром, вечером, рано, поздно. Key grammar: reflexive verbs with the particle «-ся/-сь». «-ся» means the action returns to the person (умываться = to wash ONESELF). Take the ordinary conjugation (chapter 18) and add «-сь» after a vowel, «-ся» after a consonant: я умываю+сь → умываюсь, ты умываешь+ся → умываешься, он умывает+ся → умывается. In English «I wash», «I get dressed» — with no reflexive particle, so the English speaker loses it: «Я умываю» ✗ → «Я умываюсь» ✓. Sound corner: «-ться/-тся» sounds like «-tsa», and «ся» after a soft consonant like «-sya».
Dialogue
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Я умываю / Я умываюсь
- IvanМайк,расскажипросвоёутро.Когдатыпросыпаешься?Mike, tell me about your morning. When do you wake up?
- MikeЯпросыпаюсьрано.Потомяумываюиодеваю.I wake up early. Then I wash and dress. (slip: dropped «-ся/-сь» — say «умываюсь», «одеваюсь»)
- IvanПочти!«умываю»значитмытького-то.Себя—«умываюсь».Скажи:«Яумываюсьиодеваюсь».Almost! «умываю» means to wash someone. Yourself — «умываюсь». Say: «Я умываюсь и одеваюсь».
- MikeА,понял!Яумываюсьиодеваюсь.Ah, got it! I wash and get dressed.
- IvanОтлично!Акогдатыложишьсяспать?Great! And when do you go to bed?
- MikeОбычнояложусьспатьпоздно.Usually I go to bed late.
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Утро Ани— Anya's morning
- IvanАня,тытожепросыпаешьсярано?Anya, do you also wake up early?
- AnyaДа,япросыпаюсьвшесть.Сначалаяумываюсь,потомзавтракаю.Yes, I wake up at six. First I wash, then I have breakfast.
- IvanАвосколькотыодеваешьсяиидёшьнаработу?And at what time do you get dressed and go to work?
- AnyaЯодеваюсьвсемьивыхожуввосемь.Вечеромяложусьспатьводиннадцать.I get dressed at seven and leave at eight. In the evening I go to bed at eleven.
- IvanУтебяхорошийраспорядокдня!You have a good daily routine!
Vocabulary
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- просыпаться
verbto wake up
- умываться
verbto wash (oneself)
- одеваться
verbto get dressed
- ложитьсяспать
verbto go to bed
- вставать
verbto get up
- завтракать
verbto have breakfast
- утром
adverbin the morning
- вечером
adverbin the evening
- рано
adverbearly
- поздно
adverblate
Grammar
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Reflexive verbs: «-ся / -сь»
Explanation
Many actions of the daily routine are reflexive: the action returns to the person. Such verbs end in the particle «-ся» (or «-сь»): умываться (to wash oneself), одеваться (to dress oneself), просыпаться, ложиться. Compare: «умывать» means to wash SOMEONE ELSE, while «умываться» means to wash ONESELF. How to conjugate? Take the ordinary conjugation from chapter 18 and add at the end: «-сь» after a vowel, «-ся» after a consonant. Я умываю → я умываюсь; ты умываешь → ты умываешься; он умывает → он умывается; мы умываем → мы умываемся; они умывают → они умываются. The same with «одеваться»: я одеваюсь, ты одеваешься, она одевается. The English speaker’s typical mistake: English just says «I wash», «I get dressed» — with no reflexive particle, so Mike loses it: «Я умываю утром» ✗ (that means «I wash someone»). Correct: «Я умываюсь утром» ✓.
Examples
- Я просыпаюсь в семь часов.I wake up at seven o’clock.
- Ты умываешься и одеваешься.You wash and get dressed.
- Она быстро одевается утром.She gets dressed quickly in the morning.
- Мы ложимся спать поздно.We go to bed late.
Cyrillic
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Возвратные окончания: «-ться» = «-ца»— Reflexive endings: "-ться" = "-tsa"
With reflexive verbs it is important to PRONOUNCE the ending correctly. "-ться" (in the infinitive) and "-тся" (in the "he/she" form) sound the same — like a hard "-tsa": "ложиться" = "la-ZHÍT-sa", "одевается" = "a-di-VÁ-yet-sa", "умывается" = "u-my-VÁ-yet-sa". The soft sign "ь" gives no separate sound — it only shows softness. And the particle "-сь" after a vowel is a soft "-sʼ": "умываюсь" = "u-my-VÁ-yusʼ", "одеваюсь" = "a-di-VÁ-yusʼ". In the "you" form the ending "-ешься" sounds "-yesh-sya": "просыпаешься" = "pra-sy-PÁ-yesh-sya". Read the words aloud.
Read the words aloud:
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