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Thai · CEFR Band 1 (A1) · Chapter 44

ให้ของขวัญแก่เพื่อนGiving a gift to a friend

hâi khɔ̌ɔŋ-khwǎn kɛ̀ɛ phʉ̂an

We talk about celebrations and gifts. Vocabulary: wan-kòet, ngaan-líaŋ, khɔ̌ɔŋ-khwǎn, káat, chɔ̂ɔ-dɔ̀ɔk-máai, khék, thian, khɛ̀ɛk, hâi, ráp, uai-phawn, càt. Key grammar: how to give and receive. "ให้ + [thing] + แก่ + [person]" = give something to someone: "ผมให้ของขวัญแก่แม่" (I give a gift to my mom). The receiver follows "แก่". For the reverse direction — receiving — use "รับ + [thing] + จาก + [person]": "ผมรับการ์ดจากเพื่อน" (I receive a card from a friend). To congratulate someone, use "อวยพร + [person / occasion]": "อวยพรวันเกิด" (wish a happy birthday). Note: English speakers think of "give ... TO someone" and tend to use "ถึง" (which means "to arrive at") for the receiver: "ให้ของขวัญถึงเพื่อน" ✗. The receiver takes "แก่": "ให้ของขวัญแก่เพื่อน" ✓. Tone corner: "ให้" (hâi) and "แก่" (kɛ̀ɛ).

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Dialogue

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ของขวัญวันเกิดให้มาลี— A birthday gift for Malee

  1. Somchaiเจมส์Jamesเสาร์sǎoนี้níiวันwanเกิดkòetมาลีMaleeคุณkhunจะcàให้hâiอะàไรraiครับkrápJames, this Saturday is Malee's birthday. What will you give?
  2. Jamesผมphǒmจะcàให้hâiหนังสือnǎŋsʉ̌ʉถึงthʉ̌ŋมาลีMaleeครับkrápI'll give a book to Malee. (slip: the receiver takes แก่, not ถึง (= to/arrive at): ให้หนังสือแก่มาลี)
  3. Somchaiอ๋อɔ̌ɔผู้phûuรับrápใช้chái"แก่kɛ̀ɛ"ครับkrápไม่mâiใช่châi"ถึงthʉ̌ŋ"พูดphûutว่าwâa"ให้hâiหนังสือnǎŋsʉ̌ʉแก่kɛ̀ɛมาลีMalee"Ah, the receiver takes "แก่", not "ถึง". Say "ให้หนังสือแก่มาลี".
  4. Jamesอ๋อɔ̌ɔเข้าใจkhâocaiแล้วlɛ́ɛwครับkráp"ผมphǒmให้hâiหนังสือnǎŋsʉ̌ʉแก่kɛ̀ɛมาลีMalee"Ah, I get it. "ผมให้หนังสือแก่มาลี" (I give a book to Malee).
  5. Somchaiถูกthùukต้องtɔ̂ɔŋครับkráp!ผมphǒmจะcàให้hâiช่อchɔ̂ɔดอกdɔ̀ɔkไม้máaiแก่kɛ̀ɛเธอthoeและlɛ́เราraoจะcàจัดcàtงานngaanเลี้ยงlíaŋเล็กlékๆlékCorrect! I'll give her a bouquet. And we'll hold a small party.
  6. Jamesเยี่ยมyîamครับkráp!มาลีMaleeจะcàรับrápของkhɔ̌ɔŋขวัญkhwǎnมากmâakมายmaaiจากcàakเพื่อนphʉ̂anๆphʉ̂anสุขsùkสันต์sǎnวันwanเกิดkòetมาลีMaleeGreat! Malee will receive many gifts from friends. Happy birthday, Malee!

Dialogue

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งานเลี้ยงวันเกิด— The birthday party

  1. Maleeขอบkhɔ̀ɔpคุณkhunทุกคนthúkkhonที่nʉ̀ŋมาmaaนะnáคะkháนี่nîiคือkhʉʉงานngaanเลี้ยงlíaŋวันwanเกิดkòetที่thîiสนุกsanùkที่thîiสุดsùtThank you everyone for coming. This is the most fun birthday party.
  2. Jamesสุขsùkสันต์sǎnวันwanเกิดkòetครับkrápมาลีMaleeผมphǒmให้hâiช่อchɔ̂ɔดอกdɔ̀ɔkไม้máaiนี้níiแก่kɛ̀ɛคุณkhunHappy birthday, Malee. I give you this bouquet.
  3. Maleeขอบkhɔ̀ɔpคุณkhunค่ะkâเจมส์James!ดอกdɔ̀ɔkไม้máaiสวยsǔaiมากmâakฉันchǎnรับrápการ์ดkáatจากcàakสมชายsǒmchaaiด้วยdûaiThank you, James! The flowers are so beautiful. I also received a card from Somchai.
  4. Jamesเยี่ยมyîamครับkráp!แล้วlɛ́ɛwเค้กkhékล่ะlâครับkrápมีmiiกี่kìiเทียนthianGreat! And the cake? How many candles are there?
  5. Maleeมีmiiยี่yîiสิบsìpเทียนthianค่ะkâ!ทุกคนthúkkhonมาmaaกินkinเค้กkhékกันkanเถอะthòeThere are twenty candles! Everyone, let's eat the cake.
  6. Jamesครับkráp!ขอkhɔ̌ɔอวยuaiพรphɔɔnให้hâiมาลีMaleeมีmiiความkhwaamสุขsùkนะnáครับkrápYes! I wish Malee happiness.

Vocabulary

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วันwanเกิดkòet

nounbirthday

งานngaanเลี้ยงlíaŋ

nounparty, banquet

ของkhɔ̌ɔŋขวัญkhwǎn

noungift, present

การ์ดkáat

nouncard

ช่อchɔ̂ɔดอกdɔ̀ɔkไม้máai

nounbouquet

เค้กkhék

nouncake

เทียนthian

nouncandle

แขกkhɛ̀ɛk

nounguest

ให้hâi

verbto give

รับráp

verbto receive

อวยuaiพรphɔɔn

verbto bless, to wish, to congratulate

จัดcàt

verbto hold, to organize (an event)

Grammar

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Giving and receiving: "hâi + thing + kɛ̀ɛ + person"

Explanation

"ให้" means "to give / hand to". The clear structure is "ให้ + [thing] + แก่ + [person]": "ผมให้ของขวัญแก่แม่" (thing = gift, receiver = mom). The receiver follows "แก่" (which means "to / for"). For the reverse direction — receiving — use "รับ + [thing] + จาก + [person]": "ผมรับการ์ดจากเพื่อน" (I receive a card from a friend). To wish someone well, use "อวยพร + [person / occasion]": "อวยพรวันเกิด" (wish a happy birthday), "ขออวยพรให้มีความสุข" (I wish you happiness). Note: English says "give something TO someone" with "to", so English speakers tend to pick "ถึง" or "ไปยัง" (which mean "to arrive at / head toward") for the receiver: "ให้ของขวัญถึงเพื่อน" ✗. For the receiver, Thai uses "แก่" (not "ถึง"): "ให้ของขวัญแก่เพื่อน" ✓.

Examples

  • ผมให้ของขวัญแก่แม่I give a gift to my mom.
  • สมชายให้ช่อดอกไม้แก่มาลีSomchai gives a bouquet to Malee.
  • ผมรับการ์ดจากเพื่อนI receive a card from a friend.
  • เราอวยพรวันเกิดเขาWe wish him a happy birthday.
  • เพื่อนให้เค้กแก่ผมMy friend gives a cake to me.

Script & tones

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เสียงของ "ให้" และ "แก่"— The sounds of "ให้" and "แก่"

Read aloud, with "ให้" falling and "แก่" low and short:

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