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Study in the app →English · CEFR Band 1 (A1) · Chapter 44
Happy birthday! Selamat ulang tahun!
Kita merayakan dan memberi hadiah. Kosakata: party, gift, present, birthday, invite, guest, cake, candle, celebrate, card, surprise, give. Tata bahasa inti: kata kerja "give" punya DUA objek — ORANG (penerima) dan BENDA (yang diberikan) — dan ada dua urutan kata. Pola A: give + ORANG + BENDA: "I gave her a present", "He gave me a card". Pola B: give + BENDA + "to" + ORANG: "I gave a present to her", "He gave a card to me". Keduanya sama artinya. Kata kerja lain juga begini: send, show, tell, teach ("buy" mirip tapi pakai "for"). Catatan: di Pola A, JANGAN taruh "to" sebelum orang: "He gave to me a present" ✗ → "He gave me a present" ✓. Pakai "to" hanya di Pola B, dan di situ benda datang lebih dulu. Sudut pengucapan: "to" lemah /tə/ dan penyambungan bunyi dalam "give it to me".
Dialogue
What should I give him? — Aku harus memberi dia apa?
- Emma Minsu, it's Jack's birthday tomorrow. Are you coming to the party? Minsu, besok ulang tahun Jack. Kamu datang ke pesta?
- Minsu Yes! Last year he gave to me a nice book. Ya! Tahun lalu dia memberi aku buku bagus. (slip: saat orang datang dulu, tanpa "to": he gave me a nice book)
- Emma Careful — when the person comes first, no "to". Say "he gave me a nice book". Hati-hati — saat orang datang dulu, tanpa "to". Katakan "he gave me a nice book".
- Minsu Ah! He gave me a nice book. What should I give him? Ah! Dia memberi aku buku bagus. Aku harus memberi dia apa?
- Emma Give him a card and a small gift. Or give a gift to him at the party. Beri dia kartu dan hadiah kecil. Atau berikan hadiah kepadanya di pesta.
- Minsu Good idea. I will give him a cake! Ide bagus. Aku akan memberi dia kue!
Dialogue
At the party — Di pesta
- Jack Emma, thank you for coming! Everyone gave me lovely presents. Emma, terima kasih sudah datang! Semua orang memberi aku hadiah yang bagus.
- Emma Happy birthday, Jack! I made a cake for you. Selamat ulang tahun, Jack! Aku membuat kue untukmu.
- Jack Wow! Did you give a card to Minsu too? He looks a little lost. Wah! Kamu memberikan kartu kepada Minsu juga? Dia tampak sedikit bingung.
- Emma Yes, I gave him the address this morning. Look, he brought you a gift! Ya, tadi pagi aku memberi dia alamatnya. Lihat, dia membawakanmu hadiah!
- Jack How kind! Please pass me that card. I want to read it. Baik sekali! Tolong berikan kartu itu kepadaku. Aku ingin membacanya.
- Emma Here. Now blow out the candles and make a wish! Ini. Sekarang tiup lilinnya dan buat permohonan!
Vocabulary
| 汉字 | Pinyin | POS | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| party | n. | pesta | |
| gift | n. | hadiah | |
| present | n. | hadiah, kado | |
| birthday | n. | ulang tahun | |
| invite | v. | mengundang | |
| guest | n. | tamu | |
| cake | n. | kue | |
| candle | n. | lilin | |
| celebrate | v. | merayakan | |
| card | n. | kartu | |
| surprise | n. | kejutan | |
| give | v. | memberi |
Grammar
"give" with two objects: give me a gift / give a gift to me "give" dengan dua objek: give me a gift / give a gift to me
Many verbs of giving take TWO objects: the PERSON who receives, and the THING that is given. English has two ways to order them. Pattern A — person first, no "to": give + PERSON + THING: "I gave her a present", "She gave me a card", "Please give me your number". Pattern B — thing first, with "to": give + THING + "to" + PERSON: "I gave a present to her", "She gave a card to me". Both patterns mean exactly the same thing. Pattern B is handy when the thing is short and the person is new or long: "I gave it to my new teacher". Many verbs behave this way: "give", "send", "show", "tell", "teach", "bring" (and "buy", "make" use "for" instead of "to": "I bought a gift FOR her"). The key rule: in Pattern A, NEVER put "to" before the person. Many learners say "He gave to me a present" (marking the receiver the way their own language does) — but English drops "to" when the person comes first: "He gave to me a present" ✗ → "He gave me a present" ✓. Add "to" only when you switch to Pattern B: "He gave a present to me" ✓.
Banyak kata kerja pemberian punya DUA objek: ORANG yang menerima dan BENDA yang diberikan. Bahasa Inggris punya dua urutan. Pola A — orang dulu, tanpa "to": give + ORANG + BENDA: "I gave her a present", "She gave me a card", "Please give me your number". Pola B — benda dulu, pakai "to": give + BENDA + "to" + ORANG: "I gave a present to her", "She gave a card to me". Kedua pola artinya persis sama. Pola B praktis saat bendanya pendek dan orangnya baru atau panjang: "I gave it to my new teacher". Banyak kata kerja bekerja begini: "give", "send", "show", "tell", "teach", "bring" (sedangkan "buy", "make" pakai "for", bukan "to": "I bought a gift FOR her"). Aturan kuncinya: di Pola A, JANGAN PERNAH taruh "to" sebelum orang. Banyak pembelajar berkata "He gave to me a present" (menandai penerima seperti bahasa ibunya) — tetapi saat orang datang lebih dulu, bahasa Inggris membuang "to": "He gave to me a present" ✗ → "He gave me a present" ✓. Tambahkan "to" hanya saat beralih ke Pola B: "He gave a present to me" ✓.
- I gave her a gift. Saya memberi dia hadiah.
- She gave a card to me. Dia memberikan kartu kepada saya.
- Please give me your phone number. Tolong beri saya nomor teleponmu.
- They gave the children some cake. Mereka memberi anak-anak itu sedikit kue.
- Can you give this present to Anna? Bisakah kamu memberikan hadiah ini kepada Anna?
pronunciation
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