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German · CEFR Band 1 (A1) · Chapter 32

Es gibt ein Sofa im WohnzimmerThere is a sofa in the living room

The home and its rooms. Vocabulary: es gibt, das Zimmer, das Schlafzimmer, das Wohnzimmer, die Küche, das Bad, das Sofa, der Schrank, auf, unter. Key grammar: „es gibt“ means „there is / there are“ and NEVER changes (never „es sind“). It is followed by the ACCUSATIVE: „Es gibt einen Tisch (m), ein Sofa (n), eine Lampe (f) und zwei Stühle (pl.).“ „es gibt“ names something new that exists. Where a known thing IS, you keep using „sein“ + place: „Der Tisch ist in der Küche.“ For the place use auf/unter/in + dative: „auf dem Tisch“, „unter dem Bett“, „im Schrank“. English says „there is“ with „to be“, so the English speaker reaches for „es ist“ ✗ → „es gibt“ ✓. Sound corner: „z“ = „ts“ (Zimmer) and „sch“ = „sh“ (Schrank).

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Es ist / Es gibt

  1. LukasWie ist deine neue Wohnung, Mike?What is your new flat like, Mike?
  2. MikeSchön! Es ist ein großes Sofa im Wohnzimmer.Nice! There is a big sofa in the living room. (slip: for existence use „es gibt“, not „es ist“)
  3. LukasFast! „Es ist“ heißt „it is“. Für „there is“ nimm „es gibt“ — mit Akkusativ: „Es gibt ein großes Sofa.“Almost! „Es ist“ means „it is“. For „there is“ take „es gibt“ — with the accusative: „Es gibt ein großes Sofa.“
  4. MikeAh! Es gibt ein großes Sofa und einen Tisch im Wohnzimmer.Ah! There is a big sofa and a table in the living room.
  5. LukasPerfekt! Und wo ist der Fernseher?Perfect! And where is the television?
  6. MikeDer Fernseher ist an der Wand, neben dem Fenster.The television is on the wall, next to the window.

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Lenas Wohnung— Lena's flat

  1. LukasWie viele Zimmer gibt es in deiner Wohnung?How many rooms are there in your flat?
  2. LenaEs gibt drei: ein Schlafzimmer, ein Wohnzimmer und eine Küche. Das Bad ist klein.There are three: a bedroom, a living room and a kitchen. The bathroom is small.
  3. LukasUnd was gibt es im Schlafzimmer?And what is there in the bedroom?
  4. LenaEin Bett, ein Schrank und ein kleiner Tisch. Meine Bücher sind auf dem Tisch.A bed, a wardrobe and a small table. My books are on the table.
  5. LukasSehr gemütlich! Ich komme bald zu Besuch.Very cosy! I will come to visit soon.

Vocabulary

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es gibt

phrasethere is, there are

das Zimmer

n.n.room

das Schlafzimmer

n.n.bedroom

das Wohnzimmer

n.n.living room

die Küche

n.f.kitchen

das Bad

n.n.bathroom

das Sofa

n.n.sofa, couch

der Schrank

n.m.cupboard, wardrobe

auf

prepositionon (top of)

unter

prepositionunder

Grammar

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„es gibt“ + accusative: what exists

Explanation

To say that something EXISTS („there is / there are“), German uses a fixed expression: „es gibt“. It always stays the same — whether one thing or many: „Es gibt ein Bad.“, „Es gibt zwei Schlafzimmer.“ Never „es sind“. Important: after „es gibt“ the noun is in the ACCUSATIVE (chapter 19). With a masculine noun „ein“ becomes „einen“: „Es gibt einen Tisch.“ With neuter and feminine nouns it stays „ein“/„eine“: „Es gibt ein Sofa, eine Lampe.“ Use „es gibt“ for something NEW that exists. If instead you say WHERE a known thing is, you stay with „sein“ + place (chapter 24): „Der Tisch ist in der Küche.“ For the place, auf/unter/in + dative serve: „auf dem Tisch“, „unter dem Bett“, „im Schrank“ (in + dem = im). The classic mistake: English forms „there is“ with the verb „to be“, so Mike transfers that and says „Es ist ein Sofa im Wohnzimmer“ ✗. But for pure existence German needs „es gibt“: „Es gibt ein Sofa im Wohnzimmer“ ✓.

Examples

  • Es gibt einen Tisch und vier Stühle in der Küche.There is a table and four chairs in the kitchen.
  • Im Wohnzimmer gibt es ein Sofa und einen Fernseher.In the living room there is a sofa and a television.
  • Die Lampe ist auf dem Tisch, die Schuhe sind unter dem Bett.The lamp is on the table, the shoes are under the bed.
  • Gibt es einen Schrank im Schlafzimmer? — Ja, er ist neben dem Bett.Is there a wardrobe in the bedroom? — Yes, it is next to the bed.

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Wohnen in Deutschland: Miete, Stockwerke und BalkonLiving in Germany: renting, floors and the balcony

How do Germans live? Three things surprise many foreigners: a great many people RENT their flat instead of buying it; the floors are counted differently from the USA; and the „Balkon“ (balcony) is sacred. A little look into the German home.

Renting rather than buying

Germany is a country of renters. Almost half of the people live in „Miete“ (rented housing) — you pay every month for the flat instead of buying a house. That is completely normal and no sign of poverty: many families with a good income also rent for life. Rent is often central: „Kaltmiete“ is the price for the flat alone, „Warmmiete“ includes heating and extra costs. Whoever finds a good, cheap flat often stays for many years.

The ground floor is „zero“

Watch out, a typical mix-up! In Germany the floor at street level is the „Erdgeschoss“ (EG, ground floor) — it counts as ZERO, not the first floor. The „erster Stock“ (first floor) is one staircase higher. An American thinks of the ground floor when hearing „first floor“, but a German thinks of the floor above it. So if someone tells you „Ich wohne im ersten Stock“, go up one flight of stairs. In the lift you often see „E“ or „0“ for the ground floor and then 1, 2, 3 …

Shoes off, balcony on

In many German homes you take off your shoes at the door — not compulsory everywhere, but very common, to keep the flat clean. Often „Hausschuhe“ (slippers) are ready for guests. And then the „Balkon“: even a tiny balcony is a little paradise. In summer there are flowers, a table and two chairs; you drink coffee outside and enjoy the sun. Those without a balcony often dream of a „Schrebergarten“ — a small garden plot on the edge of town where you grow vegetables and relax at the weekend.

Renting, the ground floor and the balcony — three little windows into the German home. They show: you do not have to own a house to feel at home — a clean room and a sunny balcony are often enough.

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